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Selai Apel Malang (Mallus sylvestris Mill) Rendah Kalori dengan Substitusi Gula Menggunakan Stevia

Catharina Vincentia  -  Program Studi Teknologi Pangan, Fakultas Teknobiologi, Universitas Katolik Indonesia Atma Jaya, Jakarta, Indonesia
*Diana Lestari  -  Program Studi Teknologi Pangan, Fakultas Teknobiologi, Universitas Katolik Indonesia Atma Jaya, Jakarta, Indonesia
Stella Magdalena  -  Program Studi Teknologi Pangan, Fakultas Teknobiologi, Universitas Katolik Indonesia Atma Jaya, Jakarta, Indonesia

Citation Format:
Abstract

Selai buah pada umumnya memiliki gula tinggi yang dapat meningkatkan resiko penyakit diabetes mellitus. Oleh karena itu dilakukan formulasi selai buah dengan pemanis alternatif stevia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui masa simpan selai apel rendah gula dengan penambahan stevia, menguji sifat fisikokimia, mengukur kadar gula reduksi, menganalisis penerimaan sensori, serta membuat informasi nilai gizi selai tersebut. Selai dibuat menggunakan buah apel Malang dengan pemanis sebanyak 18% dan substitusi stevia sebanyak 4 dan 8 g. Pengujian masa simpan dilakukan dengan mengamati perubahan sensori dan pH selama penyimpanan. Uji sifat fisikokimia dilakukan dengan pengukuran aw, total padatan terlarut, dan analisis warna, uji gula reduksi dilakukan dengan metode 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS), uji penerimaan dan daya oles dilakukan menggunakan dengan uji sensori hedonik dan ranking, serta informasi nilai gizi berdasarkan analisis proksimat. Keseluruhan selai apel yang dihasilkan memiliki pH 3. Selai dengan substitusi stevia menghasilkan selai dengan warna yang lebih cerah dengan masa simpan selama 2 minggu pada suhu ruang. Nilai aw selai dengan stevia diketahui lebih rendah, serta total padatan terlarut yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan selai kontrol. Kadar gula reduksi selai dengan stevia juga diketahui lebih rendah dari selai kontrol. Aftertaste dan daya oles dari selai kontrol lebih disukai dengan perbedaan yang tidak signifikan dibandingkan dengan selai substitusi 4 g stevia. Setiap 20 g selai substitusi 4 g stevia mengandung 8 g karbohidrat, protein dan lemak tidak terdeteksi. Kesimpulannya, substitusi stevia pada selai buah apel dapat dilakukan untuk menghasilkan selai dengan sifat fisikokimia yang lebih baik.

Low-Calorie Malang Apple (Malus sylvestris Mill) Jam using Stevia as Sweetener

Abstract

Fruit jam in general has high sugar content that can increase diabetes mellitus risk. Therefore, the formulation of fruit jam with an alternative sweetener such as stevia was carried out. This research aims to determine the shelf-life of low sugar apples jam, physicochemical properties, reducing sugar content, as well as sensory acceptability, and create the nutrition fact the jam. The jams were made from Malang apples using 18% sweetener with 4 and 8 g stevia substitution. The shelf life testing was carried out by observing the changes of sensory properties and pH during storage. The physicochemical properties test was carried out by measuring aw, total dissolved solids, and color analysis. The reducing sugar test was carried out by 3.5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) method, the acceptance test and spreadability were examined using the hedonic and ranking sensory testing, the jam’s nutrition fact was made based on the proximate analysis. The results showed that the apple jams had a pH of 3. Jam with stevia substitution had lighter color with shelf life of 2 weeks at room temperature. Aw value of the jams with stevia was known to be lower and higher total dissolved solids compared to the control jam. Reducing sugar content of jam with stevia also known to be lower than control jam. The aftertaste and spreadability of control jam were preferable with insignificant difference compare to the 4 g stevia jam. Every 20 g of 4 g stevia jam contains 8 g carbohydrates and undetectable protein and fat. As conclusion, the substitution of stevia in jam might produced better physicochemical quality of apple jam.

Fulltext
Keywords: informasi nilai gizi; selai apel rendah kalori; sifat fisikokimia; stevia; uji organoleptik

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