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Karakteristik Kimia Keju dengan Bahan Baku Berbeda Selama Penyimpanan Dingin

*Etty Tri Hartanti  -  Fakultas Peternakan, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Purwokerto, Indonesia

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Abstract

Abstrak Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui interaksi antara penambahan kolostrum dan lama penyimpanan suhu dingin pada keju terhadap karakteristik asam lemak bebas / free fatty acid (FFA), total asam tertitrasi, analisa proksimat, dan aktivitas antioksidan. Materi yang digunakan adalah susu sapi 27 liter dan kolostrum sapi 27 liter yang diperoleh dari BBPTUHPT Baturraden, Jawa Tengah. Kultur starter probiotik yang digunakan adalah kefir yang dibuat dari biji kefir dan susu sapi. Bahan koagulan keju menggunakan rennet nabati. Rancangan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) pola faktorial dengan dua jenis faktor perlakuan. Faktor pertama yaitu persentase komposisi kolostrum yang terdiri dari 3 taraf (0%, 50% dan 100%). Faktor kedua yaitu lama masa penyimpanan dingin yang terdiri dari  3 taraf (0, 10, dan 20). Masing-masing perlakuan tersebut diulang sebanyak 3 kali. Unit percobaan berjumlah 27 buah. Hasil penelitian diuji menggunakan analisis variansi dan apabila berbeda nyata dilanjutkan dengan orthogonal polynomial. Keju yang dibuat dengan penambahan kolostrum dan susu sapi yang disimpan selama 20 hari memiliki karakteristik kimia relatif sama meliputi antioksidan, FFA, TAT, Kadar air, protein, lemak dan abu. Semakin lama penyimpanan keju dalam suhu dingin mampu menjaga kualitas keju ditinjau dari meningkatnya aktivitas antioksidan dan total asam tertirasi, dan menurunnya free fatty acid.

Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the interaction between adding colostrum and cold storage time to cheese on the characteristics of free fatty acids (FFA), total titrated acid, proximate analysis, and antioxidant activity. The materials used were 36 liters of cow's milk and 36 liters of cow colostrum obtained from BBPTUHPT Baturraden, Central Java. The probiotic starter culture used is kefir made from kefir seeds and cow's milk. Cheese coagulant uses vegetable rennet. The design used in this study was a factorial completely randomized design (CRD) with two types of treatment factors. The first factor is the percentage composition of colostrum  which consists of 3 levels (0%, 50% and 100%). The second factor is the cold storage period which consists of 3 levels (0, 10, and 20). Each treatment was repeated 3 times. There were 27 experimental units. The results were tested using analysis of variance and if they were significantly different, then followed by orthogonal polynomial. Cheese made with the addition of colostrum and cow's milk stored for 20 days has relatively the same chemical characteristics including antioxidants, FFA, TAT, moisture content, protein, fat and ash. The longer the storage of cheese in cold temperatures can maintain the quality of cheese in terms of increased antioxidant activity and total aspirated acid, and decreased free fatty acids.

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Keywords: keju; kolostrum; lama penyimpanan; karakteristik kimia
Funding: Penelitian ini merupakan bagian dari penelitian Tesis Magister 2020 yang dibiayai oleh Badan Penyuluhan dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Manusia, Kementerian Pertanian

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