Analisis Sifat Fisik, Organoleptik dan Kandungan Asam Lemak pada Tempe Mete dan Tempe Kedelai

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan sifat fisik, organoleptik dan kandungan asam lemak pada tempe mete serta membandingkannya dengan tempe berbahan dasar kacang kedelai. Penelitian dilakukan secara eksperimental dengan rancangan acak lengkap satu faktor pada[A1] [A2]  tempe kedelai dan tempe mete. Penelitian eksperimen ini terdiri dari 2 (dua) kelompok perlakuan. Tiap kelompok perlakuan dilakukan 3 (tiga) kali ulangan, sehingga diperoleh 6 satuan percobaan. Berdasarkan 6 percobaan tersebut, dilakukan analisis secara duplo meliputi analisis sifat fisik (kadar air dan rendemen). Kadar air, rendemen dan asam lemak masing-masing diuji menggunakan metode gravimetri, metode penimbangan dan metode kromatografi gas. Mutu organoleptik diuji pada parameter warna, rasa, aroma dan tekstur. Analisis statistik data menggunakan Independent t-test dan Mann-Whitney. Kadar air tempe mete (36,97±0,38%) lebih rendah dari tempe kedelai (63,86±1,46%). Penampakan fisik tempe mete berwarna putih dengan tekstur yang kompak seperti tempe kedelai. Rendemen tempe mete (136,67±6,11%) lebih rendah dari tempe kedelai (169,44±5,85%). Warna, rasa, dan tekstur kedua tempe setelah digoreng tidak memiliki perbedaan yang tampak. Asam oleat dan asam linoleat tempe mete masing masing sebesar 21,52±0,58% dan 6,09±0,03%, lebih tinggi dari tempe kedelai yang mengandung asam oleat 2,19±0,02% dan asam linoleat 4,96±0,03%. Tempe mete memiliki kadar air dan penampakan fisik yang sesuai dengan standar tempe, namun rendemen yang dihasilkan lebih rendah. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa tempe mete memiliki mutu sesuai standar dengan kandungan asam lemak yang lebih tinggi dari tempe kedelai.

Analysis of Physical, Sensory and Fatty Acid Properties of Tempeh Made from Cashew Nut and Soybean

Abstract

The aim of this study was to compare the phsycal and organoleptic properties, fatty acid content between cashew and soybean tempeh. The research was a one-factor completely randomized experimental design on soybean tempeh and cashew tempeh. This experimental study consisted of 2 (two) treatment groups. Each treatment group was repeated 3 times, so that 6 experimental units were obtained. Based on these 6 experiments, a duplicate analysis was carried out including the analysis of physical properties (moisture content and yield). Moisture content, yield and fatty acid were analyzed respectifly using gravimetric method, weighing method, and gas chromatography. The organoleptic quality was tested on the parameters of color, taste, aroma, and texture. Statistical analysis of data using independent t-test and Mann-Whitney. The moisture content of cashew tempe (36,97±0,38%) was lower than that of soybean tempe (63,86±1,46%). The physical appearance of cashew tempeh was white with a compact texture like soybean tempeh. The yield of cashew tempe (136,67±6,11%) was lower than that of soybean tempe (169,44±5,85%). The color, taste, and texture of the two tempeh after being fried did not differ remarkably. The oleic acid and linoleic acid of cashew tempeh were 21,52±0,58 % and 6,09±0,03 %, respectively, higher than soybean tempeh which contained 2,19±0,02% oleic acid and 4,96±0,03%. linoleic acid. Tempe cashew had a moisture content and physical appearance in accordance with tempe standards, but the yield was lower. It can be concluded that cashew tempeh had quality according to standards with higher fatty acid content than soybean tempeh.