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Pengaruh Proses Termal terhadap Karakteristik Fisikokimia Pacri Nanas Kaleng

*Maherawati Maherawati scopus  -  Program Studi Ilmu dan Teknologi Pangan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Tanjungpura, Pontianak, Indonesia
Asep Nurhikmat  -  Balai Penelitian Teknologi Bahan Alam, LIPI, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Agus Santoso  -  Balai Penelitian Teknologi Bahan Alam, LIPI, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Tri Rahayuni  -  Program Studi Ilmu dan Teknologi Pangan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Tanjungpura, Pontianak, Indonesia
Lukcy Hartanti  -  Program Studi Ilmu dan Teknologi Pangan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Tanjungpura, Pontianak, Indonesia

Citation Format:
Abstract

Pacri nanas merupakan makanan tradisional Kalimantan Barat dari buah nanas yang dimasak dengan beragam bumbu dengan kuah santan. Pacri nanas dapat dikembangkan dengan perbaikan proses pengemasan menggunakan kaleng agar dapat dikonsumsi dalam waktu lebih lama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh proses termal selama pengalengan terhadap karakteristik fisikokimia pacri nanas kaleng. Pengalengan pacri nanas menggunakan kaleng jenis two pieces diameter 74,92 mm dan tinggi 58,22 mm. Proses sterilisasi dilakukan pada variasi suhu 111, 121, dan 131°C dengan waktu 10, 15, dan 20 menit. Parameter yang diamati adalah nilai kecukupan panas, warna, viskositas, tekstur nanas, dan pH. Riwayat suhu menunjukkan bahwa pada suhu sterilisasi 111, 121, dan 131°C, menunjukkan bahwa suhu tertinggi dapat dicapai berturut-turut adalah 106,5, 116,3, dan 126,8°C pada menit ke-32, 44, dan 50. Proses sterilisasi yang terbaik diperoleh pada suhu 121°C selama 15 menit, yang ditunjukkan dengan nilai kecukupan panas (F0) sebesar 3,881 menit. Perbedaan suhu dan waktu sterilisasi tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap nilai kecerahan, intensitas warna merah dan pH, namun berpengaruh nyata terhadap peningkatan warna kuning dan viskositas pacri nanas kaleng. Penurunan intensitas warna kuning menyebabkan warna pacri nanas setelah sterilsasi menjadi lebih gelap. Tekstur pacri nanas tidak dipengaruhi oleh suhu sterilisasi, namun dipengaruhi oleh waktu sterilisasi. Nilai pH pada pacri nanas kaleng tidak dipengaruhi oleh suhu dan waktu sterilisasi. Kesimpulannya, analisis fisikokimia pacri nanas telah dapat dilakukan dengan hasil yang spesifik berdasarkan pada variasi suhu dan lama pemanasan. Penelitian ini bermanfaat untuk menjadi informasi bagi pengembangan makanan tradisional di Kalimantan Barat.

Effect of Thermal Processing in Physicochemical Characteristic of Canned “Pacri Nanas”

Abstract

Pacri nanas is a traditional West Kalimantan food from pineapples cooked with various spices with coconut milk sauce. Pacri nanas can be developed by improving the packaging process using cans. This study aims to determine the effect of the thermal process during canning on the physicochemical characteristics of canned pacri nanas. The canning process used two pieces cans with a diameter of 74.92 mm and a height of 58.22 mm. The sterilization process was carried out at 111, 121, and 131°C for 10, 15, and 20 minutes. Heated adequacy value, color, viscosity, pineapple texture, and pH were then analyzed. The temperature history showed that the highest temperatures could be achieved at 106.5°C, 116.3°C, and 126.8°C at the minute to -32, 44, and 50 after sterilization of 111, 121, and 131°C, respectively. The best sterilization was obtained at 121°C for 15 minutes, that was indicated by the heat adequacy value (F0) of 3.881 minutes. The difference in temperature and sterilization time did not significantly affect the brightness, red intensity, and pH values but significantly increased the yellow intensity and viscosity of canned pacri nanas. The texture of the pacri nanas is not affected by the sterilization temperature but by the sterilization time. The pH value of pacri nanas was not affected by the temperature and time of sterilization. As conclusion, sterilization temperature and duration relied on the specific changes in pacri nanas. This information may provide the beneficial information to industry to develop traditional foods in West Kalimantan.

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Keywords: traditional food, pacri nanas, thermal process

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