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Analisis Pengaruh Contract Change Order (CCO) pada Siklus Keberlangsungan Proyek

Yudhi Arnandha  -  Program Studi Program Profesi Insinyur Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. Soedarto, SH, Kampus UNDIP Tembalang, Semarang, Indonesia 50275, Indonesia
*Sapto Nisworo  -  Jurusan Teknik Elektro Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Tidar, Jl. Kapten Suparman 39 Magelang, Indonesia, 56116, Indonesia
Muhammad Djaeni  -  Departemen Teknik Kimia Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,, Indonesia
Received: 8 Feb 2023; Revised: 27 Feb 2023; Accepted: 17 Mar 2023; Available online: 10 Apr 2023; Published: 6 Apr 2023.

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Abstract
Abstrak

 

Pekerjaan konstruksi melibatkan berbagai unsur beserta faktor pendukungnya untuk menjamin keberlangsungan proyek sesuai jadwal dan anggaran. Ketidaksesuaian gambar rencana dan rendahnya koordinasi antar pihak yang berkepentingan di dalam suatu proyek dapat mengarah pada munculnya perubahan pekerjaan. Perubahan kontrak sebagai akibat dari perubahan lingkup pekerjaan menyebabkan potensi keterlambatan waktu pelaksanaan dan penyesuaian anggaran.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor penyebab terjadinya perubahan kontrak pada pembangunan gedung FT03 Universitas Tidar yang mencapai 9,3% dari harga kontrak awal. Metode yang digunakan adalah melalui kuesioner kepada pemilik proyek, perencana, pelaksana, pengawas manajemen konstruksi dan staf ahli yang terlibat. Indikator yang dipakai adalah gambar rencana, dokumen kontrak, pemangku kepentingan, pelaksanaan konstruksi dan eksternal lainnya.

Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh hasil bahwa semua pernyataan pada kuesioner dinyatakan valid dan indikator yang dipakai memiliki reabilitas tinggi. Berdasarkan perhitungan nilai Relative importance index (RII) dan Severity Index (SI) untuk pernyataan yang diberikan pada tiap indikator diperoleh hasil bahwa faktor dominan dari perubahan kontrak adalah akibat dari permintaan pemilik proyek. Ketidakmampuan menginterpretasikan gambar menjadi kendala tersediri bagi pemilik proyek yang kadang tidak memiliki latar belakang konstruksi. Pemanfaatan visualiasi melalui Building Information Modeling (BIM) menjadi salah satu alternatif solusi untuk mengurangi perubahan kontrak untuk pekerjaan pembangunan konstruksi di masa mendatang.

 

Kata kunci: proyek konstruksi; perubahan kontrak; analisis penyebab

 

Abstract

[Analysis on Change Order Contract (CCO) on Project Lifecycle] Construction work involves various elements and other supporting factors to ensure the project’s sustainability according to schedule and budget. Incompatibility of plans and poor coordination between interested parties in a project can lead to job changes. Changes in the scope of work followed by a contract change may lead to potential delays in execution time and budget adjustments.

This study aims to determine the factors that cause contract changes in the construction of the Tidar University FT03 building which reached 9.3% of the initial contract price. The method used is through a questionnaire to project owners, planners, implementers, construction management supervisors, and expert staff involved. The indicators used are plan drawings, contract documents, stakeholders, construction implementation, and other externals.

Based on the calculation of the RII and SI values for the statements given to each indicator, the dominant factor of contract changes is the result of the project owner’s request. The inability to interpret drawings is the main obstacle for project owners who sometimes do not have a construction background. Utilization of visualization through Building Information Modeling (BIM) is an alternative solution to reduce contract changes for future construction work.

Keywords: construction project; contract change; caused analysis

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