DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/sat.v5i2.12209

Tinjauan indikator kesiapan produksi udang putih Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone, 1931) di sistem intensif

DIRECTORATE GENERAL OF AQUACULTURE, MINISTRY OF MARINE AFFAIRS AND FISHERIES, REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA, Indonesia

Open Access Copyright 2021 Romi Novriadi

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            Pertumbuhan populasi global yang disertai dengan perubahan menuju gaya hidup sehat menjadikan permintaan terhadap organisme akuatik, khususnya udang putih Litopenaeus vannamei, terus mengalami peningkatan. Namun, optimalisasi produksi udang vannamei di sistem intensif memiliki hambatan dengan tidak konsistennya hasil produksi dan fluktuasi nilai ekonomi dari produk yang dihasilkan. Hal ini utamanya disebabkan oleh faktor degradasi kualitas lingkungan dan keberadaan penyakit yang dapat menurunkan tingkat kelulushidupan udang dan hasil produksi serta tidak menggunakan data kebutuhan pasar sebagai dasar pelaksanaan produksi. Untuk itu, perlu dilakukan tinjauan terhadap indikator kesiapan produksi udang vannamei melalui data pasar sebagai input utama pelaksanaan produksi kemudian dilanjutkan dengan penentuan lokasi untuk sistem produksi yang tepat disertai dengan implementasi sistem produksi yang efektif dan efisien, meliputi rancangan kolam produksi, teknis operasional produksi termasuk didalamnya pengelolaan pakan, air dan pengelolaan kesehatan udang yang diintegrasikan dengan implementasi teknologi dan standarisasi. Analisa kelayakan ekonomi sistem produksi intensif juga disertakan untuk melihat jangka waktu efektif pengembalian semua modal investasi. Dari hasil penilaian indikator kesiapan yang tepat, produksi udang yang dilakukan di sistem intensif diharapkan dapat menjadi lebih berkelanjutan, terukur dengan mengedepankan prinsip keseimbangan ekologi dan ekonomi.

Kata kunci: Indikator, Intensif, Udang Litopenaeus vannamei, Sistem Produksi, Berkelanjutan

 

Abstract

            The growth of global population accompanied by the changes into healthy life style makes the demand for aquatic organisms, especially Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei, continues to increase. However, the optimization of Vannamei production cultured in intensive system has constraints with inconsistent yields and fluctuation in the economical value of the products. This is mainly due to the degradation of environmental quality and the presence of diseases that can reduce the survival rate and biomass of shrimp as well as not using the market demand data as the baseline for carrying out the production. Therefore, it is necessary to review the readiness indicators for Vannamei shrimp production system through the market data as the primary input for the production, then proceed with determining location for proper production system accompanied by the implementation of an effective and efficient production system, including the design of production ponds, operational protocol including feed, water and shrimp health management system integrated with technology and standardization system. Economical feasibility study of intensive production system also included to evaluate the effective payback period for all investment capital. From the proper assessment of readiness indicator, shrimp production in intensive system could be more sustainable, measurable by prioritizing the principle of ecological and economical balance.

 

Keywords: Indicator, Intensive, Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei, Production system, sustainable

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TINJAUAN INDIKATOR KESIAPAN PRODUKSI UDANG PUTIH Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone, 1931) DI SISTEM INTENSIF
Subject Indikator, Intensif, Udang Litopenaeus vannamei, Lokasi, Model Produksi
Type Research Instrument
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