Pengembangan Metode Penentuan Kawasan Relokasi Akibat Bencana Awan Panas Guguran. Studi Kasus : Erupsi Semeru 4 Desember 2021

Muhammad Anggri Setiawan; Iwan Rhosadi; Utia Kafafa; Agung Laksana; Nur Muhammad Farda; Sandy Budi Wibowo; Muhammad Fikram Palembang

doi:10.14710/jwl.12.1.53-70

DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jwl.12.1.53-70

Pengembangan Metode Penentuan Kawasan Relokasi Akibat Bencana Awan Panas Guguran. Studi Kasus : Erupsi Semeru 4 Desember 2021

*Muhammad Anggri Setiawan

- Department of Environmental Geography, Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia , Indonesia

Iwan Rhosadi

- Department of Environmental Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara Jalan Kaliurang, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta, Indonesia 55281, Indonesia

Utia Kafafa - Department of Environmental Geography, Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, Indonesia

Agung Laksana - Department of Environmental Geography, Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, Indonesia

Nur Muhammad Farda - Department of Geographic Information Science, Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, Indonesia

Sandy Budi Wibowo - Department of Geographic Information Science, Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, Indonesia

Muhammad Fikram Palembang - Department of Environmental Geography, Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, Indonesia

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

BibTex Citation Data :

@article{JWL16662,
    author = {Muhammad Setiawan and Iwan Rhosadi and Utia Kafafa and Agung Laksana and Nur Farda and Sandy Wibowo and Muhammad Palembang},
    title = {Pengembangan Metode Penentuan Kawasan Relokasi Akibat Bencana Awan Panas Guguran. Studi Kasus : Erupsi Semeru 4 Desember 2021},
    journal = {Jurnal Wilayah dan Lingkungan},
  volume = {12},
    number = {1},
    year = {2024},
    keywords = {Erupsi Semeru; Relokasi Masyarakat;  Awan Panas Guguran; SMCE; Network Analysis},
    abstract = {Kawasan permukiman yang terletak di zona rawan bencana gunungapi sudah seharusnya memiliki rencana antisipasi berupa kajian relokasi akibat dampak bencana. Penentuan kawasan relokasi seringkali dilakukan pada situasi pasca tanggap darurat bencana sehingga cenderung tergesa-gesa, rawan konflik kepentingan atau bahkan dapat memunculkan permasalahan baru yang rumit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan metode penentuan kawasan relokasi bagi permukiman terdampak berdasarkan pada bencana letusan gunungapi Semeru dengan tipe awan panas guguran tahun 2021.  Pengembangan metode dilakukan dengan menggabungkan tiga skenario model SMCE (Spatial Multi Criteria Evaluation) dan Network Analysis secara berjenjang. Kerangka utama dalam pengembangan metode ini adalah mencari lokasi aman multi-ancaman namun tetap memiliki daya dukung dan daya tampung yang baik, serta tidak terlalu jauh dengan lokasi desa yang menjadi sumber penghidupan mereka. Secara sosiologis dan ketentuan peraturan, masyarakat akan diperbolehkan memanfaatkan kembali lahan milik mereka untuk aktivitas non-permukiman (seperti perkebunan dan pertanian) ketika status ancaman Gunungapi Semeru kembali normal. Wilayah administrasi desa digunakan sebagai satuan analisis kesesuaian lokasi. Setelah muncul beberapa pilihan lokasi desa yang sesuai dengan kriteria-kriteria yang ditentukan dalam skenario SMCE, maka analisis jaringan jalan terdekat dilakukan untuk memilih desa yang paling dekat dengan kawasan yang terdampak. Penelitian ini berhasil mengidentifikasi secara obyektif bahwa Desa Penanggal, Kecamatan Pronojiwo sebagai tempat yang paling sesuai untuk relokasi kawasan permukiman akibat guguran awan panas Gunungapi Semeru. Metode ini perlu dimanfaatkan oleh pemangku kebijakan untuk mempercepat pengambilan keputusan yang tepat dan menjadi investasi yang berkelanjutan dalam pengurangan risiko bencana.},
   issn = {2407-8751},   pages = {53--70}  doi = {10.14710/jwl.12.1.53-70},
    url = {https://ejournal2.undip.ac.id/index.php/jwl/article/view/16662}
}

Citation Format:

Abstract

Kawasan permukiman yang terletak di zona rawan bencana gunungapi sudah seharusnya memiliki rencana antisipasi berupa kajian relokasi akibat dampak bencana. Penentuan kawasan relokasi seringkali dilakukan pada situasi pasca tanggap darurat bencana sehingga cenderung tergesa-gesa, rawan konflik kepentingan atau bahkan dapat memunculkan permasalahan baru yang rumit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan metode penentuan kawasan relokasi bagi permukiman terdampak berdasarkan pada bencana letusan gunungapi Semeru dengan tipe awan panas guguran tahun 2021. Pengembangan metode dilakukan dengan menggabungkan tiga skenario model SMCE (Spatial Multi Criteria Evaluation) dan Network Analysis secara berjenjang. Kerangka utama dalam pengembangan metode ini adalah mencari lokasi aman multi-ancaman namun tetap memiliki daya dukung dan daya tampung yang baik, serta tidak terlalu jauh dengan lokasi desa yang menjadi sumber penghidupan mereka. Secara sosiologis dan ketentuan peraturan, masyarakat akan diperbolehkan memanfaatkan kembali lahan milik mereka untuk aktivitas non-permukiman (seperti perkebunan dan pertanian) ketika status ancaman Gunungapi Semeru kembali normal. Wilayah administrasi desa digunakan sebagai satuan analisis kesesuaian lokasi. Setelah muncul beberapa pilihan lokasi desa yang sesuai dengan kriteria-kriteria yang ditentukan dalam skenario SMCE, maka analisis jaringan jalan terdekat dilakukan untuk memilih desa yang paling dekat dengan kawasan yang terdampak. Penelitian ini berhasil mengidentifikasi secara obyektif bahwa Desa Penanggal, Kecamatan Pronojiwo sebagai tempat yang paling sesuai untuk relokasi kawasan permukiman akibat guguran awan panas Gunungapi Semeru. Metode ini perlu dimanfaatkan oleh pemangku kebijakan untuk mempercepat pengambilan keputusan yang tepat dan menjadi investasi yang berkelanjutan dalam pengurangan risiko bencana.

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Keywords: Erupsi Semeru; Relokasi Masyarakat; Awan Panas Guguran; SMCE; Network Analysis

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