Optimization of Lemongrass Oil (Cymbopogon citratus) Emulsion with the Addition of Cethyl Alcohol as a Natural Cosurfactant

Aprilina Siska Pradasari; Vita Paramita

doi:10.14710/jvsar.v5i2.19642

DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jvsar.v5i2.19642

Optimization of Lemongrass Oil (Cymbopogon citratus) Emulsion with the Addition of Cethyl Alcohol as a Natural Cosurfactant

Aprilina Siska Pradasari - Department of Industrial Chemical Engineering Technology, Vocational School of Diponegoro University, Jl. Prof. Soedharto, S.H., Tembalang, Semarang, 50275, Indonesia, Indonesia

*Vita Paramita

- Department of Industrial Chemical Engineering Technology, Vocational School of Diponegoro University, Jl. Prof. Soedharto, S.H., Tembalang, Semarang, 50275, Indonesia, Indonesia

BibTex Citation Data :

@article{JVSAR19642,
    author = {Aprilina Pradasari and Vita Paramita},
    title = {Optimization of Lemongrass Oil (Cymbopogon citratus) Emulsion with the Addition of Cethyl Alcohol as a Natural Cosurfactant},
    journal = {Journal of Vocational Studies on Applied Research},
  volume = {5},
    number = {2},
    year = {2024},
    keywords = {Emulsion; Lemongrass oil; Response Surface Methodology (RSM)},
    abstract = {   Lemongrass   oil (Cymbopogon citratus) is a plant that produces essential oils as a raw material for fragrance in cosmetics and perfumes. This study aims to determine the optimum conditions for the preparation of   Lemongrass oil  -wall emulsion (Tween 80 and Cethyl Alcohol) and to determine the effect of the independent variable in the form of the ratio of   lemongrass oil  -wall to the viscosity produced using the Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The novelty in this research is   lemongrass   oil with the addition of Tween 80 and Cethyl Alcohol as natural cosurfactants. Tests were carried out with three independent variables, namely stirring time (15, 20 and 25 minutes), stirring speed (20,000, 22,000 and 24,000 rpm) and   lemongrass   oil-wall ratio (1:3, 1:4, 1:5), which will be designed with the RSM method to obtain optimum operating conditions. Based on the results obtained, the optimal formula for   lemongrass   oil emulsion is on the 14th running result, which has a pH value of 6.4; density of 0.852; viscosity of 15,450 cP, type M/A, homogeneous and good stability without any change in colour, aroma, and texture. The influence of the   lemongrass oil  -wall ratio variable, namely the ratio variable, obtained a P-value of 0.000005, which means it is smaller than the value of α = 0.05 so that it can be said that the ratio has a significant effect on the viscosity of the emulsion.   },
   issn = {2684-8090},   pages = {44--51}  doi = {10.14710/jvsar.v5i2.19642},
    url = {https://ejournal2.undip.ac.id/index.php/jvsar/article/view/19642}
}

Citation Format:

Abstract

Lemongrass oil (Cymbopogon citratus) is a plant that produces essential oils as a raw material for fragrance in cosmetics and perfumes. This study aims to determine the optimum conditions for the preparation of Lemongrass oil-wall emulsion (Tween 80 and Cethyl Alcohol) and to determine the effect of the independent variable in the form of the ratio of lemongrass oil-wall to the viscosity produced using the Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The novelty in this research is lemongrass oil with the addition of Tween 80 and Cethyl Alcohol as natural cosurfactants. Tests were carried out with three independent variables, namely stirring time (15, 20 and 25 minutes), stirring speed (20,000, 22,000 and 24,000 rpm) and lemongrass oil-wall ratio (1:3, 1:4, 1:5), which will be designed with the RSM method to obtain optimum operating conditions. Based on the results obtained, the optimal formula for lemongrass oil emulsion is on the 14th running result, which has a pH value of 6.4; density of 0.852; viscosity of 15,450 cP, type M/A, homogeneous and good stability without any change in colour, aroma, and texture. The influence of the lemongrass oil-wall ratio variable, namely the ratio variable, obtained a P-value of 0.000005, which means it is smaller than the value of α = 0.05 so that it can be said that the ratio has a significant effect on the viscosity of the emulsion.

Fulltext View|Download

Keywords: Emulsion; Lemongrass oil; Response Surface Methodology (RSM)

Article Metrics:

Article Info

Section: Articles

Language : EN

In Volume 5, Issue 2, Year 2023 (October 2023)

Recent articles

Feasibility Study and Heat Transfer Analysis of Testbed Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger at Tube Side Fluid Discharge of 5 Lpm and Hot Fluid Temperature of 60 C Production of Margarine from Rice Bran Oil and Palm Kernel Oil and Analysis of Physicochemical Properties Production of Edible Film from Isolate Soy Protein with Addition of Palmitic/Lauric Acids More recent articles

Ansar, Lukum, A., Arifin, & Dengo, Y. J. (2017). The Influence of School Culture on The Performance of High School English Teachers in Gorontalo Province. International Journal of Education and Research, 5(10), 35–48
Bota, W., Martosupono, M., & Rondonuwu, F. S. (2015). Potensi Senyawa Minyak Sereh Wangi (Citronella Oil) Dari Tumbuhan Cymbopogon Nardus L. Sebagai Agen Antibakteri. Jurnal FTUMJ, November, 1–8
Cahyani, N. E., Widiastuti, R., & Ismiyati. (2020). Formulas Dan Uji Stabilitas Fisik Emulgel Tabir Surya Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Buah Jeruk Nipis (Citrus aurantifolia) Menggunakan Variasi Nilai HLB Emulgator. Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Bhakti Setya Medika, 5(1), 42–54
Chinnaiyan, S. K., Pandiyan, R., Natesan, S., Chindam, S., Gouti, A. K., & Sugumaran, A. (2022). Fabrication of basil oil Nanoemulsion loaded gellan gum hydrogel—evaluation of its antibacterial and anti-biofilm potential. Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology, 68(October 2021), 103129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103129
Handayani, F. W., & Muhtadi, A. (2013). Perbedaan Emulsi Dan Mikroemulsi Pada Minyak Nabati. Farmaka, 4, 1–15
Husni, P., Hisprastin, Y., & Januarti, M. (2019). FORMULASI DAN UJI STABILITAS FISIK SEDIAAN EMULSI MINYAK IKAN LEMURU (Sardinella lemuru). Jurnal Ilmiah As-Syifaa, 11(2), 137–146. https://doi.org/10.33096/jifa.v11i2.575
Jen Wu, C., & Ostafin, A. (2016). Analysis of Nanoemulsion Coatings. Journal of Nanomedicine & Nanotechnology,07(06). https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7439.1000410
Laverius, M. F. (2011). Optimasi Tween 80 Dan Span 80 Sebagai Emulsifying Agent
Maha, H. L., Sinaga, K. R., & Masfria. (2018). Formulation and evaluation of miconazole nitrate nanoemulsion and cream. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research, 11(3), 319–321. https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11i3.22056
Manurung, H. T. (2015). Analisis Pengaruh ROE, EPS, NPM dan MVA Terhadap Harga Saham (Studi Kasus Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Go Public Sektor Food dan Beverages di BEI Tahun 2009-2013. Diponegoro Journal of Management, 4(4), 1–16
Muzdalifah, Fikri Hidayat, A., & Aryani, R. (2021). Studi Literatur Pembuatan dan Karakterisasi Nanoemulsi yang Mengandung Minyak Atsiri dan Potensinya sebagai Antibakteri. Jurnal Farmasi, 2(1), 593–598
Paramita, V., Hovivah, Dwi Ariyanto, H., Pramudono, B., Yoshii, H., Kusumayanti, H., & Amalia, R. (2022). Effect of α-cyclodextrin and surfactants on stability nanoemulsion system of medium chain triglyceride (MCT). Materials Today: Proceedings, 63, S333–S338. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2022.03.160
Ramdhan Yumashar, A., Fikri Hidayat, A., & Ega Priani, S. (2017). Kajian Aktivitas Antibakteri Sediaan Nanoemulsi Minyak Atsiri Secara In Vitro dan Aplikasinya sebagai Pengawet Makanan Alami dalam Menghambat Pertumbuhan Bakteri Penyebab FoodborneDiseases. http://dx.doi.org/10.29313/.v0i0.29906
Saputra, A. T., Wicaksono, M. A., & Irsan, I. (2018). Pemanfaatan Minyak Goreng Bekas untuk Pembuatan Biodiesel Menggunakan Katalis Zeolit Alat Teraktivasi. Jurnal Chemurgy, 1(2), 1. https://doi.org/10.30872/cmg.v1i2.1138
Saxena, I., & Kumar, V. (2021). Automatic Version of Ostwald Viscometer for Conductive Liquids. Instruments and Experimental Techniques, 64(2), 327–330
https://doi.org/10.1134/S0020441221010322
Setyopratiwi, A., & Firianasari, P. N. (2021). Formulasi Krim Antioksidan Berbahan Virgin Coconut Oil (Vco) Dan Red Palm Oil (Rpo) Dengan Variasi Konsentrasi Trietanolamin. Bencoolen Journal of Pharmacy, 1(1), 26–37
Shintaningsih, L. (2007). OPTIMASI KOMPOSISI POLYSORBATE 80 & CETYL ALCOHOL SEBAGAI EMULSIFYING AGENT DALAM LOTION VIRGIN COCONUT OIL DENGAN APLIKASI DESAIN FAKTORIAL SKRIPSI Diajukan untuk Memenuhi Salah Satu Syarat Memperoleh Gelar Sarjana Farmasi ( S. Farm. ) Program Studi Ilmu
YULIASARI, S., FARDIAZ, D., ANDARWULAN, N., & YULIANI, S. (2014). Karakteristik Nanoemulsi Minyak Sawit Merah Yang Diperkaya Beta Karoten. Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri, 20(3),111. https://doi.org/10.21082/jlittri.v20n3.2014.111-121

Last update:

No citation recorded.

Last update:

No citation recorded.

Journal of Vocational Studies on Applied Research are published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike. Authors retain the copyright to their work. Users may read, copy and distribute the work in any medium provided the authors and the journal are appropriately credited.

Below you may find the full text of the license signed by authors.

LICENSE TO PUBLISH

1. License
The non-commercial use of the article will be governed by the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license as currently displayed on http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/. Without prejudice to the foregoing, the author hereby grants Journal of Vocational Studies on Applied Research the exclusive license for commercial use of the article according to section 2 below, and sections 4 through 9 below, throughout the world, in any form, in any language, for the full term of copyright, effective upon acceptance for publication.

2. Author’s Warranties
The author warrants that the article is original, written by stated author/s, has not been published before, contains no unlawful statements, does not infringe the rights of others, is subject to copyright that is vested exclusively in the author and free of any third party rights, and that any necessary written permissions to quote from other sources have been obtained by the author/s.

3. User Rights
Under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license, the author(s) and users are free to share (copy, distribute and transmit the contribution).

4. Rights of Authors
Authors retain the following rights:

copyright, and other proprietary rights relating to the article, such as patent rights,
the right to use the substance of the article in future own works, including lectures and books,
the right to reproduce the article for own purposes, provided the copies are not offered for sale,
the right to self-archive the article.

5. Co-Authorship
If the article was prepared jointly with other authors, the signatory of this form warrants that he/she has been authorized by all co-authors to sign this agreement on their behalf, and agrees to inform his/her co-authors of the terms of this agreement.

6. Termination
This agreement can be terminated by the author or Journal of Vocational Studies on Applied Research upon two months’ notice where the other party has materially breached this agreement and failed to remedy such breach within a month of being given the terminating party’s notice requesting such breach to be remedied. No breach or violation of this agreement will cause this agreement or any license granted in it to terminate automatically or affect the definition of Journal of Vocational Studies on Applied Research.

7. Royalties
This agreement entitles the author to no royalties or other fees. To such extent as legally permissible, the author waives his or her right to collect royalties relative to the article in respect of any use of the article by Journal of Vocational Studies on Applied Research or its sublicensee.

8. Miscellaneous
Journal of Vocational Studies on Applied Research will publish the article (or have it published) in the Journal, if the article’s editorial process is successfully completed and Journal of Vocational Studies on Applied Research or its sublicensee has become obligated to have the article published. Journal of Vocational Studies on Applied Research may conform the article to a style of punctuation, spelling, capitalization and usage that it deems appropriate. The author acknowledges that the article may be published so that it will be publicly accessible and such access will be free of charge for the readers. Journal of Vocational Studies on Applied Research will be allowed to sublicense the rights that are licensed to it under this agreement.