Temperature Optimization and Addition of Aloe Vera Gel as Antibacteria In Coconut Oil-Based Liquid Soap

Azizah Rahman; Vita Paramita

doi:10.14710/jvsar.v3i2.12655

DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jvsar.v3i2.12655

Temperature Optimization and Addition of Aloe Vera Gel as Antibacteria In Coconut Oil-Based Liquid Soap

*Azizah Rahman - Industrial Chemical Engineering, Vocational School, Diponegoro University, Indonesia

Vita Paramita - Industrial Chemical Engineering, Vocational School, Diponegoro University, Indonesia

Citation Format:

Abstract

This study aims to determine the optimization of the ratio of coconut oil to KOH and temperature in the manufacture of liquid soap. In this study, the saponification reaction was used by reacting coconut oil with a strong base of KOH. The mole ratio between coconut oil and KOH used is 1:3, 1:4 and 1:5. The temperature used 3 points, there are 30^oC, 40^oC, and 50^oC. Parameters observed were free fatty acid, pH, free alkali content, unsaponication fat content, density, and viscosity. The best results in the physiochemical test were running 4 (KOH ratio 5 and temperature 50^oC) with pH 8, free alkali content of 0%, unsaponication fat content of 0.00175%, density 1.02 g/ml, viscosity 715.87 cP, and 1% free fatty acids. The critical value for the optimization of the liquid bath soap formula on the level of unsaponification fat based on RSM data is achieved at a KOH ratio of 4.28758 with a temperature of 62.40793^oC.

Fulltext View|Download

Keywords: soap, saponification, temperature, KOH, virgin coconut oil

Article Metrics:

Article Info

Section: Articles

Language : EN

In Volume 3, Issue 2, Year 2021 (October 2021)

Recent articles

The Effect of Bacillus subtilis on Bioethanol Production from Ambon Banana (Musa paradisiaca var. sapientum Linn) Peels by Using Fermentation Process Optimization of clove flower oil extraction (Syzgium aromaticum L.) With Factorial Design Method The Optimization of Addition of Bromelain Enzyme Catalyst on the Fermentation of Coconut Milk to VCO (Virgin Coconut Oil) Using Tempeh Yeast More recent articles

Maotsela, T., Danha, G., & Muzenda, E. (2019). Utilization of waste cooking oil and tallow for production of toilet “bath” soap. Procedia Manufacturing, 35, 541–545. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2019.07.008
Mena, T. P., Sutrisno, & Marfu’ah, S. (2020). Antibacterial Activity of Free Fatty Acids, Potassium Soap, and Fatty Acids Methyl Esters from VCO (Virgin Coconut Oil). IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 833(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/833/1/012023
Munarsih, E. (2019). Uji Kualitas Sabun Padat Transparan Dari Minyak Kelapa Dan Minyak Kelapa Sawit Dengan Antioksidan Ekstrak Likopen Buah Tomat. Jurnal Penelitian Sains, 21(3), 163–167
Sulistiawati, E., Astuti, E., & Santosa, I. (2019). The Influence of Strong Reduced Water and Fresh Coconut Oil in Viscosity of Liquid Hand Soap. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 543(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/543/1/012022
Widyasanti, A. (2017). Pembuatan Sabun Padat Transparan Berbasis Bahan Minyak Jarak ( Castor Oil ) Dengan Penambahan Bahan Aktif Ekstrak Teh Putih ( Camellia sinensis ). Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian, 1(2), 141–151
Widyasanti, A., Lenyta Ginting, A. M., Asyifani, E., & Nurjanah, S. (2018). The production of paper soaps from coconut oil and Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) with the addition of glycerine as plasticizer. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 141(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/141/1/012037
Wiyono, Andi Eko et al. Karakterisasi Sabun Cair dengan Variasi Penambahan Ekstrak Tembakau (Nicotiana tabacum L.). Jurnal Agroteknologi, [S.l.], v. 14, n. 02, p. 179-188, dec. 2020. ISSN 2502-4906

Last update:

No citation recorded.

Last update:

No citation recorded.

Journal of Vocational Studies on Applied Research are published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike. Authors retain the copyright to their work. Users may read, copy and distribute the work in any medium provided the authors and the journal are appropriately credited.

Below you may find the full text of the license signed by authors.

LICENSE TO PUBLISH

1. License
The non-commercial use of the article will be governed by the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license as currently displayed on http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/. Without prejudice to the foregoing, the author hereby grants Journal of Vocational Studies on Applied Research the exclusive license for commercial use of the article according to section 2 below, and sections 4 through 9 below, throughout the world, in any form, in any language, for the full term of copyright, effective upon acceptance for publication.

2. Author’s Warranties
The author warrants that the article is original, written by stated author/s, has not been published before, contains no unlawful statements, does not infringe the rights of others, is subject to copyright that is vested exclusively in the author and free of any third party rights, and that any necessary written permissions to quote from other sources have been obtained by the author/s.

3. User Rights
Under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license, the author(s) and users are free to share (copy, distribute and transmit the contribution).

4. Rights of Authors
Authors retain the following rights:

copyright, and other proprietary rights relating to the article, such as patent rights,
the right to use the substance of the article in future own works, including lectures and books,
the right to reproduce the article for own purposes, provided the copies are not offered for sale,
the right to self-archive the article.

5. Co-Authorship
If the article was prepared jointly with other authors, the signatory of this form warrants that he/she has been authorized by all co-authors to sign this agreement on their behalf, and agrees to inform his/her co-authors of the terms of this agreement.

6. Termination
This agreement can be terminated by the author or Journal of Vocational Studies on Applied Research upon two months’ notice where the other party has materially breached this agreement and failed to remedy such breach within a month of being given the terminating party’s notice requesting such breach to be remedied. No breach or violation of this agreement will cause this agreement or any license granted in it to terminate automatically or affect the definition of Journal of Vocational Studies on Applied Research.

7. Royalties
This agreement entitles the author to no royalties or other fees. To such extent as legally permissible, the author waives his or her right to collect royalties relative to the article in respect of any use of the article by Journal of Vocational Studies on Applied Research or its sublicensee.

8. Miscellaneous
Journal of Vocational Studies on Applied Research will publish the article (or have it published) in the Journal, if the article’s editorial process is successfully completed and Journal of Vocational Studies on Applied Research or its sublicensee has become obligated to have the article published. Journal of Vocational Studies on Applied Research may conform the article to a style of punctuation, spelling, capitalization and usage that it deems appropriate. The author acknowledges that the article may be published so that it will be publicly accessible and such access will be free of charge for the readers. Journal of Vocational Studies on Applied Research will be allowed to sublicense the rights that are licensed to it under this agreement.