DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jgt.4.3.2021.159-167

Perubahan Kecepatan Subduksi Lempeng Indo-Australia terhadap Lempeng Sundaland akibat Gempa Bumi Samudera Hindia tahun 2016

Teknik Geomatika, Institut Teknologi Sumatra, Indonesia

Received: 24 Aug 2021; Revised: 27 Nov 2021; Accepted: 29 Nov 2021; Available online: 3 Dec 2013; Published: 4 Dec 2021.
Open Access Copyright (c) 2021 Jurnal Geosains dan Teknologi under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0.

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Abstract

Gempa bumi Samudera Hindia terjadi pada tanggal 2 Maret 2016 dengan magnitudo7.8 di sekitar zona subduksi Lempeng Sundaland. Implikasi tektonik dari gempa bumi dengan magnitudo di atas 7 ini diteliti karena implikasi tektonik gempa bumi di Samudera Hindia tahun 2012 sangat besar hingga Pulau Jawa. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan pengaruh gempa bumi Samudera Hindia tahun 2016 terhadap perubahan kecepatan subduksi. Data yang digunakan adalah data Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) kontinu di tujuh stasiun yang berada di Lempeng Indo-Australia dan Lempeng Sundaland. Data diolah dengan perangkat lunak ilmiah untuk mendapat solusi koordinat harian. Pada deret waktu koordinat, dilakukan perhitungan kecepatan degan regresi linier untuk data sebelum gempa bumi dan data setelah gempa bumi. Nilai kecepatan yang diperoleh digunakan untuk perhitungan regangan. Hal yang didapatkan dan dibahas adalah perubahan nilai kecepatan dan regangan, serta membandingkan arah kecepatan stasiun GNSS dengan arah kecepatan dari lempeng terkait. Kecepatan stasiun GNSS yang diperoleh berkisar 18 hingga 70 mm/tahun. Kecepatan stasiun GNSS mengalami penurunan dan regangan mengalami pertambahan nilai pemendekan setelah gempa bumi. Nilai perubahan semakin besar untuk stasiun yang lebih dekat ke Palung Sunda. Stasiun GNSS yang berada di pulau di sebelah barat Pulau Sumatra diduga berada di Blok Sumatra, pecahan dari Lempeng Sundaland.

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Keywords: gempa bumi; kecepatan; lempeng; regangan; subduksi.
Funding: Institut Teknologi Sumatera

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