DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jbtr.v7i3.12536

Therapeutic Effect of Red Spinach (Amaranthus tricolor L.) Extract on Pancreatic MDA Levels Rats (Rattus norvegicus) Exposed to MLD-STZ

Binawan University, Indonesia

Received: 3 Nov 2021; Accepted: 23 Dec 2021; Available online: 31 Dec 2021; Published: 31 Dec 2021.
Open Access Copyright (c) 2021 Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Citation Format:
Abstract

Background: Several studies have reported that an increase in blood glucose in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) can cause complications to death that occur due to oxidative stress conditions due to excessive ROS production. Red spinach extract was found to be rich in antioxidant compounds. However, there has been no further research on the ability of red spinach to lower blood glucose levels and prevent oxidative stress, which can be seen from the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA; a marker of oxidative stress) in the DM body.

Objective: This study aims to determine whether there is a change in blood glucose levels and MDA levels in DM animal models between the groups that were given red spinach extract and not.

Methods: This study used white rats (Rattus norvegicus) which were divided into 5 groups: K(-) group in which the rats were not induced by diabetogenic agent and were not treated; K(+) group, the rats were made DM induced by multiple low dose streptozotocin (MLD-STZ); and T1, T2, and T3 groups were exposed to MLD-STZ and treated with red spinach extract (Amaranthus tricolor L.) at a dose of 200 mg/kgBW, 300 mg/kgBW and 400 mg/kgBW, respectively. Blood sugar levels were checked before and after treatment with extract using glucometer digital. Meanwhile, MDA levels were measured by TBA test using protein isolates from the pancreas of each rat.

Results: The results showed that the average MDA levels in the K-, K+, T1, T2, and T3 groups were 1.759±0.08, 2.280±0.15, 2.303±0.11, 1.927±0.06, and 1.801±0.04. While the average blood sugar levels in the K-, K+, T1, T2, and T3 groups were 114.4±8.82, 464±72.78, 421.2±37.60, 140.6±20.19, and 176±13.06.

Conclusion: It can be concluded that the administration of red spinach extract therapy in DM model rats was able to reduce both glucose levels and MDA levels. By lowering the levels of MDA compounds, it is also believed to be able to prevent oxidative stress in cells which causes tissue damage.

Note: This article has supplementary file(s).

Fulltext View|Download |  Data Analysis
MDA Data SPSS output
Subject
Type Data Analysis
  Download (45KB)    Indexing metadata
 Data Analysis
blood glucose SPSS data output
Subject
Type Data Analysis
  Download (44KB)    Indexing metadata
Keywords: Diabetes mellitus; red spinach; MDA level; blood glucose
Funding: Kementrian Riset dan Teknologi / Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional (RISTEK-BRIN)

Article Metrics:

Article Info
Section: Original Research Articles
Language : EN
Recent articles
Patient-Driven Findings of Genetic Associations for PANS and PANDAS Diagnostic Value of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor C (VEGF-C) and CA 15-3 in Breast Cancer The Differences of Lipoprotein-Associated Phospholipase A2, Apolipoprotein B and Low Density Lipoprotein In Obese and Lean Men Subacute Spinal Subdural Hematoma in One-Year Old Boy Due to Severe Hemophilia A Melatonin, A Promising Therapeutic for Diabetes Mellitus and Its Complications: A Narrative Review More recent articles
  1. WHO Global Report, 2016. Global Reports on Diabetes, WHO Press: France. https://www.who.int/diabetes/global-report/en/. Diakses tanggal 9 september 2020
  2. Laporan Hasil Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas), 2018. https://www.litbang.kemkes.go.id/laporan-riset-kesehatan-dasar-riskesdas/. Diakses tanggal 9 september 2020
  3. International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes Atlas. 2017
  4. Volpe, C. M. O., Pedro H. V. D., Paula M. F., José A. N. M., 2018. Cellular Death, Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) And Diabetic Complications. 9(2): 119
  5. Tiwari B.K., Pandey K.B., Abidi A.B., Rizvi S.I., 2013. Marker Oxidative Stress During Diabetes Mellitus. Journal Of Biomarkers Volume 2013: 378790, p1-8
  6. Arifin A.L., 2011. Panduan Terapi Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2 Terkini. Sub Bagian Endokrinologi & Metabolisme Bagian / UPF. Ilmu Penyakit Dalam. Fakultas Kedokteran. UNPAD / RSUP dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung
  7. Zhai S., Georgy A., Liang Z., Zhi J., 2016. Pharmacokinetic And Pharmacodynamics Drug Interaction Study Of Piragliatin, A Glucokinase Activator, And Glyburide, A Sulfonylurea , In Type 2 Diabetic Patients. Clin. Pharmacol. in Drug Development. 5(6):552-6
  8. Lamos E.M., Stein S.A., Davis S.N., 2012. Combination Of Glibenclamide-Metformin Hcl For The Treatment Of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 13(17):2545– 54
  9. Abdulkadir A.A.A., 2012. Comparative Effects Of Glibenclamide And Metformin On Creactive Protein And Oxidant/Antioxidant Status In Patients With Type II Diabetes Mellitus. SQU Medical Journal. 12:55–61
  10. Safitri Y., 2016. Uji Aktivitas Ekstrak Etanol Daun Bayam Merah (Amaranthus Tricolorl) Terhadap Kadar Gula Darah Padatikus Putih Jantan Galur Wistar, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Ngudi Waluyo Ungaran
  11. Putri, C. A., Dimas A. P., Qrio S., 2016, Efek Ekstrak Etanolik Daun Bayam Merah (Amaranthus Tricolor L.) Terstandar Terhadap Indeks Massa Tubuh Dan Kadar Glukosa Darah Pada Tikus Sprague Dawley Yang Diberikan Diet Tinggi Lemak Sebagai Upaya Preventif Obesitas, Pharmacy: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia. Vol.13 No. 02: 150-161
  12. Kusmiati, R., Pertiwi A.A., 2014, Pengujian Ekstrak Aseton Daun Bayam (Amaranthus Sp) Sebagai Senyawa Antiradikal Dpph, Antibakteri Dan Identifikasi Senyawa Aktif Dengan KG SM, Proceeding Biology ducation Conference. Vol 11(1)
  13. Nafisah,M., Tukiran., Suyanto., & Nurul, H. 2014, ‘Uji Skrining Fitokimia Pada Ekstrak Heksan, Kloroform, Dan Metanol Dari Tanaman Patikan Kebo (Euphorbia hirta)’, Prosiding Seminar Nasional Kimia Surabaya, Surabaya, 279- 286, 20 September
  14. Hadiyanti, Sonia., Harmayetty, Widyawati,I.K., 2012, Kadar Glukosa Darah Mencit (Mus Musculus) Diabetes Mellitus Paska Pemberian Model Latihan Isometrik, Critical Medical and Surgical Nursing Journal, Vol 1. No.1
  15. Szkudelski T., 2012. Streptozotocin–Nicotinamide-Induced Diabetes In The Rat Characteristics Of The Experimental Model. Volume: 237 issue: 5, page(s): 481-490
  16. American Diabetes Association. 2015. Standards Of Medical Care In Diabetes-2015. Diabetes Care 38: 1-94
  17. Veerapur, V.P., Prabbakar, K.R., B.S.Thippeswamy, et al., 2012. Antidiabetic Effect Of Ficus Racemosa Linn. Stem Bark In High-Fat Diet And Low-Dose Streptozotocin-Induced Type 2 Diabetic Rats: A Mechanistic Study, Volume 132, Issue 1: 186-193
  18. Treml, J., and Smejkal, K., 2016. Flavonoids as Potent Scavenger of Hydroxyl Radical. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety. Vol 15, Issue 4
  19. Nimse, S.,B., and Pal, D., 2015. Free Radical, Natural Antioxidants, and their Reaction Mechanism, Royal Society of Chemistry, Issue 35, 5, 27986-28006
  20. Espinal, A., V., Yanez, O., Osorio, E., et al, 2019. Teorical Study of the Antioxidant Activitty of Quercetin Oxidation Products. Frontiers in Chemistry. Vol 7, Article 818

Last update:

No citation recorded.

Last update:

No citation recorded.