Simulasi Pola Arus Permukaan 2 Dimensi di Perairan Pulau Nyamuk Taman Nasional Karimunjawa Pada Musim Peralihan II

Abstract

Pulau Nyamuk adalah salah satu gugusan kepulauan yang berada di Kawasan Taman Nasional Karimunjawa, Kabupaten Jepara, Provisi Jawa Tengah. Pulau Karimunjawa ini memiliki karakteristik yang spesifik baik secara geografis maupun ekologissebagai kawasan perairan tipe semi tertutup. Pulau ini dikelilingi oleh gugusan pulau-pulau besar dan kecil. Lokasi yang spesifik ini akan mempengaruhi arah, kecepatan dan pola arus serta karakteristik gelombang. Tujuan dari penelitian ini akan mengkaji pola pergerakan arus permukaan melalui pendekatan model dua dimensi di Perairan Karimunjawa, khususnya di perairan Pulau Nyamuk. Pola pergerakan arus diperoleh berdasarkan model pendekatan hidrodinamika 2D. Verifikasi kesesuaian model dilakukan dengan membandingkan terhadap hasil pengukuran lapangan tanggal 23-26 Oktober 2021. Pengukuran arus menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kecepatan arus maksimum 0,056 m/s ke arah 66° dan arus minimum 0,001 ke arah 38° dengan karakteristik arus pasut sebesar 51,44%. Pasang surut perairan Nyamuk, Karimunjawa bertipe pasang surut tunggal. Hasil simulasi model menggunakan pendekatan hidrodinamika 2D menggambarkan arah pergerakan arus yang terjadi cenderung bersifat bolak–balik akibat adanya dominasi arus pasut dengan kecepatan rata–rata 0,013 m/s.

Abstract

Nyamuk Island is one of the island groups in the Karimunjawa National Park area of Karimunjawa, Jepara Regency, Central Java Province. Karimunjawa has specific characteristics both geographically and ecologically, namely the water area is a semi-closed type, because it is surrounded by a group of islands, both large and small islands. Karimunjawa waters will be greatly influenced by the direction, speed, and pattern of currents and the characteristics of the waves that occur at that time. This study aims to determine the pattern of surface current movement with a two-dimensional model approach in Nyamuk Waters, Karimunjawa. The current movement pattern is obtained based on the 2D hydrodynamic approach model. Verification of the suitability of the model is carried out by comparing the results of field measurements carried out on October 23-26 October 2021. The current is carried out using a quantitative descriptive method. The results showed that the maximum current velocity was 0.056 m/s in the direction of 66° and the minimum current was 0.001 in the direction of 38° with a tidal current characteristic of 51.44%. Tides Nyamuk waters, Karimunjawa single tidal type. The simulation results using a 2D hydrodynamics approach describe the direction of current movement that tends to be alternating due to the dominance of tidal currents with an average speed of 0.013 m/s.