DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/halal.v9i1.31464

Halal Exceptionalism dan Erosi Maqāṣid al-Sharī‘ah

*Tommy Maolana  -  Prodi Kajian Wilayah Timur Tengah dan Islam, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia
Nur Fatwa  -  Graduate School of Sustainable Development, University of Indonesia, Jl. Salemba Raya No. 4, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
Thobib Al-Asyhar  -  Prodi Kajian Wilayah Timur Tengah dan Islam, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia
Mulawarman Hannase  -  Prodi Kajian Wilayah Timur Tengah dan Islam, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia
Open Access Copyright (c) 2026 Indonesia Journal of Halal under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0.

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Abstract
Perjanjian perdagangan internasional semakin memengaruhi kebijakan domestik, termasuk jaminan produk halal di negara-negara mayoritas Muslim. Indonesia, yang tengah mempersiapkan penerapan penuh kebijakan wajib sertifikasi halal pada tahun 2026, menghadapi dinamika normatif melalui Agreement between the United States of America and the Republic of Indonesia on Reciprocal Trade, khususnya ketentuan yang memberikan pengecualian kewajiban sertifikasi dan pelabelan halal bagi produk tertentu asal Amerika Serikat. Fenomena ini memunculkan praktik halal exceptionalism yang berpotensi mengganggu konsistensi kebijakan halal nasional. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis secara kritis implikasi pengecualian kewajiban halal tersebut menggunakan pendekatan maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah, dengan menitikberatkan pada perlindungan agama (ḥifẓ al-dīn), perlindungan jiwa dan konsumen (ḥifẓ al-nafs), serta keadilan ekonomi (ḥifẓ al-māl). Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif-normatif melalui analisis konseptual dan doktrinal terhadap teks perjanjian perdagangan, kebijakan halal Indonesia, serta literatur hukum Islam dan hukum perdagangan internasional. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengecualian kewajiban halal tidak hanya bersifat teknis, tetapi juga berdampak substantif terhadap jaminan kehalalan, kepastian konsumsi, dan kesetaraan regulasi di pasar. Dari perspektif maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah, manfaat ekonomi berupa fasilitasi perdagangan belum sepenuhnya mampu membenarkan potensi mafsadah akibat melemahnya perlindungan konsumen Muslim dan keadilan regulative.
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Keywords: Halal exceptionalism; maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah; perjanjian perdagangan internasional; perlindungan konsumen Muslim; kebijakan halal Indonesia

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