DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/baf.7.2.2022.110-119

Indeks Hepatosomatic Rattus norvegicus Hiperlipidemia Setelah Paparan Ekstrak Etanol Daun Azadirachta Indica

Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl, Prof. Soedarto, SH, Tembalang, Semarang 50275, Indonesia, Indonesia

Open Access Copyright 2022 Buletin Anatomi dan Fisiologi

Citation Format:
Abstract

Pakan tinggi lemak terutama kolesterol dapat menyebabkan terjadinya hiperlipidemia, hal ini merupakan salah satu faktor pemicu terjadinya penyakit perlemakan hepar non alkoholik. Azadirachta indica A. Juss (Mimba) merupakan tanaman herbal yang mengandung antioksidan, antihiperlipidemia, dan memiliki aktivitas hepatoprotektor. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh paparan ekstrak etanol daun mimba (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) terhadap hepatosomatic index (HSI) tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus L.) yang diberi diet tinggi lemak. Dua puluh empat ekor tikus putih dibagi menjadi 6 kelompok perlakuan yaitu, P0 = kontrol normal, P1= kontrol negatif (diet tinggi lemak), P2 (diet tinggi lemak+simvastatin), P3 (diet tinggi lemak + dosis 75mg/ 200gBB), P4 (diet tinggi lemak+dosis 100mg/ 200gBB) dan P5 (diet tinggi lemak+ 125mg/ 200gBB). Penentuan HSI diperoleh dari bobot hepar dan bobot badan. Preparat dibuat  dengan metode paraffin dan pewarnaan HE. Data berat badan, berat hepar  dan hepatosomatic index yang homogen dan berdistribusi normal dianalisis secara statistik menggunakan ANOVA dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan dengan taraf signifikansi 5% menggunakan software SPSS 16.0. Hasil analisis hepatosomatic index pada kelompok perlakuan menunjukkan tidak berbeda nyata (p>0,05). Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian ekstrak etanol daun mimba tergolong aman untuk digunakan sebagai obat herbal.

 

Diets high in fat, especially cholesterol, can cause hyperlipidemia, this is one of the triggering factors for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Azadirachta indica A. Juss (Neem) is an herbal plant that contains antioxidants, antihyperlipidemia, and has hepatoprotective activity. This study aims to determine the effect of exposure to ethanolic extract of neem leaves (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) on the hepatosomatic index (HSI) of white rats (Rattus norvegicus L.) fed a high-fat diet. Twenty-four white rats were divided into 6 treatment groups, namely, P0 = normal control, P1 = negative control (high fat diet), P2 (high fat diet + simvastatin), P3 (high fat diet + 75mg/200gBW dose), P4 (high-fat diet + dose of 100mg/200gBW) and P5 (high-fat diet+125mg/200gBW). Determination of HSI was obtained from liver weight and body weight. Data on body weight, liver weight and hepatosomatic index which were homogeneous and normally distributed were statistically analyzed using ANOVA followed by Duncan's test with a significance level of 5% using SPSS 16.0 software. The results of the analysis of the hepatosomatic index in the treatment group showed no significant difference (p>0.05). So it can be concluded that the administration of neem leaf ethanol extract is safe for use as herbal medicine.

Fulltext View|Download
Keywords: Hiperlipidemia; Indeks Hepatosomatic; Obat herbal

Article Metrics:

Article Info
Section: Articles
Language : ID
Recent articles
Pengaruh Konsentrasi Pupuk Kotoran Kambing dan Jenis Rimpang Terhadap Pertumbuhan Bibit Tanaman Jahe Merah (Zingiber officinale var. rubrum) Pengaruh Paparan Aerosol Rokok Elektrik Terhadap Profil Hematologis Rattus norvegicus Kajian Anatomi-Histokimia Tangkai Daun dan Karakteristik Epidermis Pucuk Merah (Syzygium myrtifolium Walpp. – Myrtaceae) More recent articles
  1. Aathira, E. P., & Suganthi, A. (2019). Phytochemical analysis and anti-head lice activity of Azadirachta indica (A. Juss) and Aegle marmelos (Corr.) leaves. World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 8 (5), 1370-1380
  2. Anggraini, D.R. (2008). Gambaran makroskopis dan mikroskopis hati dan ginjal mencit akibat pemberian plumbum asetat. (Thesis). Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sumatra Utara. https://digilib.usu.ac.id/detail.php?ib=86847&i=
  3. Arief, I., Riky, N., Indra, T. B., & Muhammad, B. H. (2012). Potensi Bunga Karamunting (Melastoma malabathricum L.) terhadap Kadar Kolesterol Total dan Trigliserida pada Tikus Putih Jantan yang diinduksi Propiltiourasil. Prestasi, 1(2), 118-126
  4. Awotedu, O., Ogunbamowo, P., Emmanuel, I., & Lawal, I. (2019). Phytominerals and phytochemical studies of Azadirachta indica A. Juss, Leea guineensis, and Parkia biglobosa Leaves. International Annals of Science, 6 (1), 28-34. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/331340038
  5. Baratawidjaya, K.G. (2002). Imunologi Dasar. Jakarta: Balai Penerbit Fakultas Kedokteran UI
  6. Basaranoglu, M., & Ormeci, N. (2014). Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: diagnosis, pathogenesis, and management. Turkish Journal Gastroenterol, 25(25),127-32 doi: 10.5152/tjg.2014.7675
  7. Bisht, S., & Sisodia, S.S., (2010). Anti-hyperglycemic and antidyslipidemic potential of Azadirachta indica A. Juss leaf extract in STZ-induced diabetes mellitus. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research,. 2 (10), 622-627. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/279574760
  8. Brunetti C., Di Ferdinando M. , Fini A., Pollastri S. & Tattini M. (2013) Flavonoids as antioxidants and developmental regulators: relative significance in plants and humans. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 14(2), 3540-3555
  9. Chattopadhyay, R. R., & Bandyopadhyay, M. (2005). Effect of Azadirachta indica leaf extract on serum lipid profile changes in normal and streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. African Journal of Biomedical Research, 8, 101- 104. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/272458624
  10. Colville, T., and Bassert, J.M. (2008). Clinical anatomy and physiology for veterinary technicians. 2nd edition. Mosby Elsevier. United Kingdom
  11. Cox, C., (2004). Pesticide factsheet, boric acid and borates, Journal of Pesticide Reform, 24(2), 10-15
  12. Dewi, M. Lantika, K., U., & Ahmad, S. (2014). Efek ekstrak air daun Sirsak (Annona muricata L.) terhadap distribusi lemak tubuh pada tikus jantan galur wistar model obesitas. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Penelitian Sains,Teknologi dan Kesehatan, 4(1), 81-88. http://proceeding.unisba.ac.id/index.php/sains_teknologi/article/view/544
  13. Dewi, U.K., & Saraswati, T.R. (2009). Efek rebusan daun tapak dara pada dosis dan frekuensi yang berbeda terhadap kerusakan dan akumulasi glikogen pada hepar mencit (Mus musculus). Jurnal Bioma, 1(11), 1-5
  14. Dowman, J. K., Tomlinson, J. W., & Newsome, P. N., (2011). Systematic review: the diagnosis and staging of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther., 33(5),525-40. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3080668/
  15. Dwipayanti, P. I., & Sutomo. (2019). pengaruh pemberian intervensi reimprinting pada perubahan kadar kolesterol. Jurnal Keperawatan, 12 (1), 1-15. https://e- journal.lppmdianhusada.ac.id/index.php/jk/article/view/4/1
  16. Hariaji, I. (2019). Khasiat jus buah pepaya terhadap kadar kolesterol total dan malondialdehida pada tikus hiperkolesterolemia. Buletin Farmatera, 4 (1), 29-41. http://jurnal.umsu.ac.id/index.php/buletin_farmatera/article/view/2101
  17. Hartono, E. & Prabowo, S. (2019). The Hepaprotector Effect Of Neem Leaf Extract Using Sgpt Activity Test On Male Wistar Rats Induced With High Dose Paracetamol. Nusantara Medical Science Journal, 4(2), 1-6
  18. Hasana, A.N., Sitasiwi, A.J., & Isdadiyanto, S. (2019). Hepatosomatik indeks dan diameter hepatosit mencit (Mus musculus L.) betina setelah paparan ekstrak etanol daun mimba (Azadirachta indica Juss.). Jurnal Pro-Life, 6(1), 1-12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33541/jpvol6Iss2pp102
  19. Iredale, J. P. (2007). Models of liver fibrosis: exploring the dynamic nature of inflammation and repair in a solid organ. J Clin Invest, 117(3),539-48. doi: 10.1172/JCI30542
  20. Isdadiyanto, S. (2009). Mikroanatomi Hepar Mencit (Mus musculus) Setelah pemberian kitin peroral. Jurnal Sains & Matematika, 17(2), 97-99
  21. Isdadiyanto, S., Sitasiwi, A. J., & Mardiati, S. M. (2020). The lipid profile of rats (Rattus norvegicus L.) induced by high fat ration after exposed to ethanolic neem (Azadirachta indica) Leaf Extract. Journal of Physics : Conference Science. 1524. https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1742- 6596/1524/1/012126/pdf
  22. Johnson, A. M & Olefsky, J. M. (2013). The origins and drivers of insulin resistance. Cell. 152(4), 673-84
  23. Keta J. N., Suberu, H. A., Shehu, K., Yahayya, U., Mohammad, N. K., & Gudu, G. B. (2019). Effect of neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) leaf extract on the growth of aspergillus species isolated from foliar diseases of rice (Oryzea sativa). Science World Journal, 14 (1),98-102
  24. Kusuma, A. B., Saraswati, T. R., & Sitasiwi, A. J. (2019). Efek pemberian daun mimba (Azadirachta indica) terhadap diameter hepatosit tikus (Rattus norvegicus). Bioma, 21 (2), 106-113. https://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/bioma/article/view/27453
  25. Lajuck, P. (2012). Ekstrak daun salam (eugenia poliantha) lebih efektif menurunkan kadar kolesterol total dan ldl dibandingkan statin pada penderita dislipidemia. Tesis. Universitas Udayana, Denpasar
  26. Milanski M., Degasperi, G., Coope, A., Morari, J., Denis, R., Cintra, D.E., Tsukumo, D.M.L. (2009). Saturated fatty acids produce an inflammatory response predominantly through the activation of tlr4 signaling in hypothalamus: implications for the pathogenesis of obesity. J. Neurosci, 29, 359-70. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19144836/
  27. Muhartono, P. M. A. Y., Putri, N. T., Sari, T. N., & Oktafany (2018). Minyak jelantah menyebabkan kerusakan pada arteri koronaria, miokardium, dan hepar tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus) jantan galur sprague dawley. Jurnal Kedokteran Universitas Lampung, 2(2), 129–135. http://juke.kedokteran.unila.ac.id/index.php/JK/article/view/1949
  28. Nunes, C., Silva, A., Soares, E., and Ganias K. 2011. The use of hepatic and Somatic indices and histological information to characterize the reproductive dynamics of atlantic Sardina pilchardus from the Portuguese Coast. Marine and Coasttal Fisheries: Dynamics, Management, and Ecosystem Science, 3, 127-144. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/19425120.2011.556911
  29. Pandey, G., Verma, K. K., & Singh, M. (2014). Evaluation of phytochemical, antibacterial and free radical scavenging properties of Azadirachta indica (neem) leaves. International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science,6(2), 444-447. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/286690118
  30. Pankaj, S., Lokeswar, T., Mukesh, B., and Vishnu B. (2011). Review on neem (Azadirachta indica): A thousand problem one solution. International Research Journal of Pharmacy, 2(12), 97-102. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/288971662
  31. Rahmani, A. H., Almatrondi, A., Alrumaihi, F., & Khan, A. A. 2018. Pharmacological and therapeutic potential of neem (Azadirachta indica). Pharmacognosy Review, 12 (24), 250-255
  32. Rao, P. S., Subramanayam, G., & Sridhar, P. R. (2019). Quercetin 3-galactoside from Azadirachta indica. Journal of Advances in Molecular Biology, 3 (1), 1-8. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/331464878
  33. Rukmini, A. (2007). Komparasi efektivitas adsorben komersial dan non komersial dalam proses regenerasi minyak jelantah. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknologi Pangan. Semarang,455-459
  34. Rusdi, M., Mukhriani & Paramitha, A. T. (2018). Uji penurunan kolesterol pada mencit (Mus Musculus) secara in-vivo menggunakan ekstrak etanol akar parang romang (Boehmeria Virgata (Forst.) Guill). Jurnal Farmasi UIN Alauddin Makassar, 6 (1). https://studylibid.com/doc/856721/84-jf-fik-uinam-vol.5-no.2-2017-
  35. Sahrawat, A., Sharma, J., Rahul, S. N., Tiwari, S., Joshi, M. D., Pundhir, A., Kumar, R., Akansha., Radhika., Bhavya., Shivani., Sharib., Nilesh., Govind., & Akash. (2018). phytochemical analysis and antibacterial properties of Azadirachta indica (neem) leaves extract against E. coli. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 7 (4), 1368-1371
  36. Sastri, S. (2010). Perbedaan pengaruh diet tinggi minyak sawit segar dengan minyak jelantah terhadap lemak dan tnf-α darah tikus. Majalah Kedokteran Andalas,1(34). http://jurnalmka.fk.unand.ac.id/index.php/art/article/view/70
  37. Sherwood, L. (2011). Human physiology: from cells to systems. 7th Ed. Canada: Yolanda Cossio
  38. Sukarsa. (2004). Studi aktivitas asam lemak omega-3 ikan laut pada mencit sebagai model hewan percobaan. Buletin Teknologi Hasil Perikanan, 7(1). https://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/29542
  39. Susantoputro, S.H. (2011). Potensi supplement potasium klorida dan sodium bikarbonat sebagai thermoregulator agent pada hepar broiler yang terpapar heat stress kronis. Undergraduate thesis. Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan. Universitas Airlangga
  40. Schwimmer, J. B., Deutsch, R., Kahen, T., Lavine, J. E., Stanley, C. & Behling, C. (2006). Prevalence of fatty liver in children and adolescents. Pediatics, 118(13), 88-93
  41. Wahyudi A. (2009). Metabolisme kolesterol hati: khasiat ramuan jati belanda (G.ulmifolia) dalam mengatur konsentrasi kolesterol selular. Tesis. [Diakses 23 Agustus 2020]. Diunduh dari http://repository.ipb.ac.id/jspui/ pdf
  42. Wahyuningtyas, P., Sitasiwi, A. J., & Mardiati, S. M. (2018). Hepatosomatic index (hsi) dan diameter hepatosit mencit (Mus Musculus L.) setelah paparan ekstrak air biji pepaya (Carica Papaya L.). Jurnal Biologi, 7 (1), 8-17. https://ejournal3.undip.ac.id/index.php/biologi/article/view/19618
  43. Widyaningsih, W & Yuliani, S. 2010. Gambaran histopatologik hepar pada tikus sprague dawley yang diberi perasan wortel (Daucus carota L.) dan diet lemak tinggi. Prosiding Seminar Nasional. Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Ahmad Dahlan. Yogyakarta
  44. Wikanta, T., Nasution, R, R., & Rahayu, L. (2003). Pengaruh pemberian alginat terhadap penurunan kadar kolesterol darah dan bobot badan tikus. Jurnal penelitian Perikanan Indonesia, 9(5). http://ejournal-balitbang.kkp.go.id/index.php/jppi/article/view/4658
  45. Xu, M. J., Reticker-Flynn, N. E., Malta, D. F., Winslow, M. M., Lamar, J.M., Underhill, G.H., Hynes, R.O., Jacks, T.E. & Bhatia, S.N. (2012). A combinatorial extracellular matrix platform identifies cell-extracellular matrix interactions that correlate with metastasis. Nat Commun, 3 , 1122
  46. Yuniarti, L., Dewi, M. K., Lantika, U. A., & Bhatara, T. (2016). Potensi ekstrak daun sirsak sebagai penurunan kolesterol dan pengendali bobot badan. Acta Veteraninaria Indonesiana, 4 (2), 82-87. DOI: https://doi.org/10.29244/avi.4.2.82-87

Last update:

No citation recorded.

Last update:

No citation recorded.