Daya Akumulasi Kadmium (Cd) Tanaman Mangrove Rhizophora mucronata (Lamk.) di Perairan Laut dan Lahan Tambak Mangunharjo, Kecamatan Tugu, Kota Semarang

Abstract

Beberapa aktivitas pabrik di sekitar kawasan Mangunharjo dapat mencemari lingkungan. Salah satu limbah yang menyebabkan pencemaran adalah logam kadmium (Cd). Keberadaan mangrove di kawasan pesisir menjadi sangat penting karena vegetasi mangrove mempunyai kemampuan mengakumulasi logam berat. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis kemampuan akumulasi Cd dalam akar dan daun mangrove Rhizophora mucronata di perairan laut dan lahan tambak Mangunharjo. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) pola factorial 2x2 dengan 3 kali ulangan. Faktor pertama lokasi : laut (L) dan tambak (T), faktor kedua organ : akar (A) dan daun (D). Data penelitian dianalisis secara statistik dengan metode ANOVA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kandungan Cd pada air di perairan laut dan lahan tambak berada di atas ambang batas, sedangkan kandungan Cd pada sedimen di perairan laut dan lahan tambak masih di bawah kisaran ambang batas. Akumulasi Cd organ akar dan daun di lokasi tambak lebih tinggi jika dibandingkan dengan organ akar dan daun di lokasi laut. Nilai Bio-Concentration Factor (BCF) pada akar di lokasi laut paling tinggi diikuti organ akar dan daun di lokasi tambak, sedangkan daun lokasi laut paling rendah.

Several factory activities around the Mangunharjo area can pollute the environment. One of the wastes that cause pollution is metal cadmium (Cd). The existence of mangroves in coastal areas is very important because mangrove vegetation has the ability to accumulate heavy metals. The aim of this study was to analyze the ability of Cd accumulation in the roots and leaves of Rhizophora mucronata mangroves in sea waters and Mangunharjo ponds. The study used a completely randomized design with a 2x2 factorial pattern with 3 replications. The first factor is location: sea (L) and ponds (T), the second factor is organs: roots (A) and leaves (D). The research data were statistically analyzed by the ANOVA method. The results showed that the Cd content in seawater and pond land was above the threshold, while the Cd content in sediment in sea waters and ponds was still below the threshold range. Cd accumulation of root and leaf organs in pond locations was higher than that of root and leaf organs in sea locations. The value of Bio-Concentration Factor (BCF) in roots at sea locations was the highest followed by root and lea/f organs in pond locations, while leaves at sea locations were the lowest.