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Penyediaan Infrastruktur Dasar di Ibu Kota Baru: Tantangan dan Rekomendasi

*Fika Novitasari orcid  -  Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia
Sri Maryati  -  Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia
I Gusti Ayu Andani  -  Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia

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Abstract
Penyediaan infrastruktur dasar sangat dibutuhkan untuk mendukung aktivitas masyarakat, dan menciptakan lingkungan yang berkelanjutan. Komponen utama dari infrastruktur dasar meliputi transportasi; air bersih; sanitasi; dan pengelolaan sampah. Penyediaan infrastruktur dasar merupakan bagian penting untuk mendukung tercapainya SDGs 11 “make cities and human settlement inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable”. Prinsip ini sejalan dengan tujuan Ibu Kota Nusantara (IKN “kota berkelanjutan di dunia” yaitu memberikan pelayanan infrastruktur secara efektif seperti pemanfaatan sumber daya air dan energi yang efisien, pengelolaan sampah berkelanjutan, moda transportasi terpadu, lingkungan layak huni dan sehat.  Mengingat pentingnya peran infrastruktur dasar untuk mendukung pengembangan ibu kota baru Nusantara Indonesia, studi terkait penyediaan dan perencanaan infrastruktur dasar menjadi sangat diperlukan. Beberapa tantangan dalam penyediaan infrastruktur dasar bagi Ibukota Negara Baru sudah dinyatakan dalam berbagai studi sebelumnya. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi tantangan dari penyediaan infrastruktur dasar di beberapa ibu kota negara baru seperti Abuja (Nigeria), Brasilia (Brazil) dan Putrajaya (Malaysia); dan memberikan pembelajaran serta rekomendasi bagi penyediaan infrastruktur dasar di Nusantara, Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan dalam studi ini adalah metode kualitatif dengan menggunakan systematic literature review (SLR). Studi ini menemukan bahwa tantangan penyediaan infrastruktur di beberapa ibu kota negara baru berkaitan dengan tata kelola infrastruktur lintas wilayah, disparitas regional penyediaan infrastruktur dari ibu kota negara baru dan wilayah sekitarnya, serta beberapa tantangan yang bersifat teknis. Rekomendasi yang dapat diambil dari temuan tersebut bagi IKN ditekankan pada pertimbangan potensi ketimpangan penyediaan infrastruktur dasar antara wilayah inti IKN dengan wilayah sekitarnya yang seiring waktu dapat menjadi tekanan bagi lingkungan dan masyarakat IKN sendiri.

 

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Keywords: Infrastruktur Dasar, Ibu Kota Baru, Tantangan

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