DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jbtr.v11i3.29234

Vitamin D Levels in Patients with Endometriosis Cysts

1Departement of Obstetrics and Gynecology, RSUP dr. Kariadi, Indonesia

2Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Indonesia

Received: 27 Aug 2025; Revised: 15 Nov 2025; Accepted: 20 Nov 2025; Available online: 24 Dec 2025; Published: 24 Dec 2025.
Open Access Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

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Abstract

Background: Endometriosis is associated with lipid peroxidation by reactive oxygen species (ROS) which causes endometrial cell DNA damage. Vitamin D is known to have good antioxidant content, so it is thought to have the ability to inhibit proliferation, invasion and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in endometriosis.

Objective: To analyze the differences in vitamin D levels between endometriosis cyst patients and normal women and the relationship between vitamin D levels and the size of endometriosis cysts.

Methods: Analytical observational study with cross sectional design with 60 samples consisting of 30 endometriosis cyst patients and 30 normal women. Evaluation was carried out on vitamin 25 (OH) D serum levels using the ELISA method and endometriosis cyst size. Cyst size is evaluated by assessing the largest diameter of a single endometriosis cyst assessed through an ultrasound examination by a specialist doctor.

Results: Vitamin D levels in the endometriosis group were significantly lower than normal women (13.23 ± 5.39 ng/mL vs 15.83 ± 5.30 ng/mL; p = 0.048). Subjects with vitamin D levels <13.45 had a 4.03x (OR 4.03; CI95% 1.37-11.83) higher risk of experiencing endometriosis compared to subjects with vitamin D levels > 13.45 ng/mL. There was no correlation between vitamin D levels and the size of endometriosis cysts (p=0.720).

Conclusion: Endometriosis patients have significantly lower serum vitamin D levels than normal women (OR 4.03; CI95% 1.37-11.83). Serum vitamin D levels do not significantly correlate with endometriosis cyst size.

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Keywords: Endometriosis; Endometriosis cyst size; Vitamin D

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Section: Original Research Articles
Language : EN
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