skip to main content

The Effect of Black Garlic (Allium sativum Linn) on Cardiac and Aortic Histopathology in Experimental Studies in Obesity Rats

Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Indonesia

Received: 9 Jul 2021; Revised: 18 Aug 2021; Accepted: 18 Aug 2021; Available online: 31 Aug 2021; Published: 31 Aug 2021.
Open Access Copyright (c) 2021 Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Citation Format:
Abstract

ABSTRACT

Background: Obesity is a disorder or disease characterized by the accumulation of excess fat in the body due to an imbalance in energy intake that is used for a long time. Accumulation of fat can reduce adiponectin, causing cardiac hypertrophy, endothelial vasodilation, and other cardiovascular diseases. Black garlic have high antioxidants in the form of S-Allylcysteine(SAC) which functions to increase adiponectin.

 Objective: To determine the effect of Black garlic on the histopathological picture of the heart and aorta of obese rats. 

Methods: This study was an experimental study with a randomized post-test only design with control group design with 5 groups of male white rats Sprague Dawley (Rattus novergicus) fed High Fat Fructose. Diet (HFFD) enriched with 1.25% cholesterol and 0.5% cholic acid for 8 weeks and was given black garlic intervention at doses of 450 mg / 200BW, 900mg / 200BW and 1350mg200 / BW for 4 weeks. 

Results: Giving black garlic significantly reduced body weight of rats (p = 0.001), and the results did not significantly reduce heart weight (p = 0.147), aortic weight (p = 0.061), histopathological changes in heart wall thickness (p = 0.423) and aortic wall thickness (p = 0.802). The effective doses of black garlic in this study were 450 mg / 200 grams BW, 900 mg / 200 grams rat BW and 1350 mg / 200 grams BW of rats. The optimal dose is 900 mg / 200 grams BW. 

Conclusion: Black garlic gave a significant reduction in body weight of rats and no significant reduction in heart weight, aortic weight, cardiac and aortic histopathological features. 

Fulltext View|Download
Keywords: Black garlic,;Obesity; Heart and Aortic histopathology

Article Metrics:

  1. Riset Kesehatan Dasar. Laporan Provinsi Jawa Tengah Riskesdas 2018. Kementerian Kesehatan RI , Hal 119-120. 2018. 119 p
  2. Kementrian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Panduan Pelaksanaan Gerakan Nusantara Tekan Angka Obesitas. 2017. p. 32
  3. Fernández-Sánchez A, Madrigal-Santillán E, Bautista M, Esquivel-Soto J, Morales-González Á, Esquivel-Chirino C, et al. Inflammation, oxidative stress, and obesity. Int J Mol Sci. 2011;12(5):3117–32
  4. Barbosa JAA, Rodrigues AB, Mota CCC, Barbosa MM, Silva ACSE. Cardiovascular dysfunction in obesity and new diagnostic imaging techniques: The role of noninvasive image methods. Vasc Health Risk Manag. 2011;7(1):287–95
  5. Lovren F, Teoh H, Verma S. Obesity and Atherosclerosis: Mechanistic Insights. Can J Cardiol. 2015;31(2):177–83
  6. Haberka M, Skilton M, Biedroń M, Szóstak-Janiak K, Partyka M, Matla M, et al. Obesity, visceral adiposity and carotid atherosclerosis. J Diabetes Complications. 2019;33(4):302–6
  7. Koliaki C, Liatis S, Kokkinos A. Obesity and cardiovascular disease: revisiting an old relationship. Metabolism. 2019;92:98–107
  8. Kang OJ. Physicochemical characteristics of black garlic after different thermal processing steps. Prev Nutr Food Sci. 2016;21(4):348–54
  9. García-Villalón AL, Amor S, Monge L, Fernández N, Prodanov M, Muñoz M, et al. In vitro studies of an aged black garlic extract enriched in S-allylcysteine and polyphenols with cardioprotective effects. J Funct Foods . 2016;27:189–200
  10. Kimura S, Tung YC, Pan MH, Su NW, Lai YJ, Cheng KC. Black garlic: A critical review of its production, bioactivity, and application. J Food Drug Anal. 2017;25(1):62–70
  11. Chang W-T, Shiau D-K, Cheng M-C, Tseng C-Y, Chen C-S, Wu M-F, et al. Black Garlic Ameliorates Obesity Induced by a High-fat Diet in Rats. J Food Nutr Res. 2017;5(10):736–41
  12. Amor S, González-Hedström D, Martín-Carro B, Inarejos-García AM, Almodóvar P, Prodanov M, et al. Beneficial effects of an aged black garlic extract in the metabolic and vascular alterations induced by a high fat/sucrose diet in male rats. Nutrients. 2019;11(1)
  13. Ha AW, Kim WK. Antioxidant mechanism of black garlic extract involving nuclear factor erythroid 2-like factor 2 pathway. Nutr Res Pract . 2017;11(3):206–13
  14. Ma W, Huang T, Zheng Y, Wang M, Bray GA, Sacks FM, et al. Weight-loss diets, adiponectin, and changes in cardiometabolic risk in the 2-year pounds lost trial. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2016;101(6):2415–22
  15. Cahyaningrum. Leptin sebagai indikator obesitas, Sandubaya Mataram. J Kesehat Prima. 2015;I(1):1364–71
  16. Carroll JF, Zenebe WJ, Strange TB. Cardiovascular function in a rat model of diet-induced obesity. Hypertension. 2006;48(1):65–72
  17. Mellor K, Ritchie RH, Meredith G, Woodman OL, Morris MJ, Delbridge LMD. High-fructose diet elevates myocardial superoxide generation in mice in the absence of cardiac hypertrophy. Nutrition. 2010;26(7–8):842–8
  18. Aprahamian TR, Sam F. Adiponectin in Cardiovascular Inflammation and Obesity. Int J Inflam. 2011;2011:1–8
  19. Takimoto E, Kass DA. Role of oxidative stress in cardiac hypertrophy and remodeling. Hypertension. 2007;49(2):241–8
  20. Yoo SY, Ahn H, Park YK. High dietary fructose intake on cardiovascular disease related parameters in growing rats. Nutrients. 2017;9(1)

Last update:

No citation recorded.

Last update:

No citation recorded.