Affecting Factors on Community Based Mangrove Replantation Programs in Semarang Coastal Area

Abstract

The climate change phenomenon is no longer seen as a natural process when it has been correlated with human behavior, especially from increasingly rapid development activities. In Semarang, the impact of climate change has been affecting people activity especially in the coastal area. Coastal communities that depend on coastal resources feel the effects of climate change. Fishermen, mangrove farmers, and fishpond farmers are vulnerable groups to the impacts of climate change because of the coastal resources which is in quality and quantity decreases and affecting their lives. Efforts are made by stakeholders through mangroves rehabilitation programs all over the coastal line. Mangroves are vegetation that grows between the tidal lines, but the vegetation also grows on the coral coast, which is on dead coral over which a thin layer of sand is overgrown or muddy area. However, mangrove seeds that were planted in Semarang coastal area has different levels of life and growth rate in each planting location. Based on Environmental Agency of Central Java Province data in 2013, 8,594.89 ha of 11,732 ha mangrove vegetation in the North Coast of Central Java Province are in damaged condition. Hence, this paper aims to elaborate the key factors that affecting the mangrove growth in Semarang coastal area. Five mangroves rehabilitation areas in Semarang namely in Kelurahan Mangkang Kulon, Mangkang Wetan, Mangunharjo, Tugurejo and Kelurahan Trimulyo are observed throughout 2015-2016. The results shows that suitability between mangrove species and the location is very influential on mangrove growth rates in Semarang Coastal. The external factors such as the existence of community group, the pests, and time of the planting are also affecting the growth of mangrove in Semarang Coastal Area. By understanding the factors of mangrove growth rate, hence better result of mangrove replantation programs can be acquired in the future.