DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/ijoce.v6i4.24477

Analisis Variasi Musiman Suhu, Salinitas, dan Arus Permukaan di Perairan Madura

*Amir Yarkhasy Yuliardi orcid scopus  -  Program Studi Ilmu Kelautan, Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Indonesia
Herlambang Aulia Rahman  -  Program Studi Ilmu Kelautan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Trunojoyo Madura, Indonesia
Ratna Juita Sari  -  Program Studi Ilmu Kelautan, Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Indonesia
Diah Ayu Rahmalia scopus  -  Program Studi Ilmu Kelautan, Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Indonesia
Agung Tri Nugroho  -  Program Studi Ilmu Kelautan, Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Indonesia
Luhur Moekti Prayogo scopus  -  Program Studi Ilmu Kelautan, Fakultas Perikanan dan Kelautan, Universitas PGRI Ronggolawe, Indonesia

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Abstract

Perairan sekitar Pulau Madura mencakup Laut Jawa di utara dan perairan selatan yang berbatasan dengan Pulau Jawa merupakan wilayah dengan dinamika oseanografis kompleks. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis variasi musiman Sea Surface Temperature (SST), Sea Surface Salinity (SSS), dan arus permukaan dan mengidentifikasi pengaruh monsun dan debit sungai terhadap kondisi oseanografis selama periode 2 tahun (2019-2020). Data debit sungai diperoleh dari Seasonal Reforecasts of River Discharge dari Global Flood Awareness System, sementara data parameter fisis laut diperoleh dari Global Ocean Physics Reanalysis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa daerah pesisir yang berbatasan dengan Laut Jawa dan perairan di selatan Pulau Madura dipengaruhi secara signifikan oleh debit sungai dan siklus musiman monsun. Debit sungai yang tinggi selama musim hujan menyebabkan penurunan salinitas di perairan khususnya di selatan Madura. SST meningkat pada musim barat dan menurun pada musim timur. Perairan selatan Madura cenderung lebih stabil dengan pola arus yang dipengaruhi oleh kondisi geografis yang lebih tertutup. Pola arus di Laut Jawa berbalik arah setiap musim, sedangkan arus di selatan Madura cenderung konstan sepanjang tahun. Penelitian ini mengungkap perbedaan dinamika oseanografis antara perairan utara dan selatan Pulau Madura, serta pentingnya interaksi antara monsun dan debit sungai dalam membentuk kondisi lingkungan laut di wilayah ini.

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Keywords: Arus Permukaan, Monsun, Pulau Madura, Sea Surface Salinity, Sea Surface Temperature

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