DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/baf.9.2.2024.164-174

Respon Pertumbuhan Vegetatif dan Pembungaan Tanaman Cabai Merah Keriting (Capsicum annum L. cv. Jacko) pada Aplikasi Rasio Konsentrasi BAP dan GA3 Setelah Pemangkasan Pucuk

Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. Jacob Rais, Tembalang, Semarang 50275, Indonesia

Open Access Copyright 2024 Buletin Anatomi dan Fisiologi

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Abstract

Pertumbuhan dan produksi cabai dapat ditingkatkan melalui metode pemangkasan pucuk. Aplikasi BAP dan GA3 setelah pemangkasan pucuk dapat mempengaruhi pertumbuhan vegetatif tanaman yang selanjutnya berdampak terhadap pembungaan dan produksi cabai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh aplikasi hormon BAP dan GA3 dengan berbagai rasio konsentrasi setelah pemangkasan pucuk terhadap pertumbuhan vegetatif dan pembungaan tanaman cabai merah keriting (Capsicum annuum L.). Pemangkasan pucuk dilakukan pada fase vegetatif akhir, diikuti dengan aplikasi BAP dan GA3. Parameter yang diamati meliputi durasi muncul tunas cabang lateral, jumlah dan panjang cabang lateral, luas daun, kandungan klorofil total, alokasi biomassa, dan periode muncul bunga. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi rasio konsentrasi BAP dan GA3 secara signifikan meningkatkan jumlah dan panjang cabang lateral, luas daun, dan mempercepat waktu muncul bunga dibandingkan kontrol. Perlakuan dengan rasio konsentrasi BAP 0 ppm : GA3 100 ppm dan BAP 200 ppm : GA3 100 ppm memberikan hasil terbaik dalam pertumbuhan vegetatif dan mempercepat pembungaan. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi dalam pengelolaan hormon tanaman pasca pemangkasan untuk meningkatkan produktivitas cabai.

 

The growth and yield of chili peppers can be enhanced through the method of shoot pruning. The application of BAP and GA3 after shoot pruning can affect the vegetative growth of plants, which subsequently impacts the flowering and production of chili peppers. This study aims to examine the effects of applying BAP and GA3 hormones at various concentration ratios after shoot pruning on the vegetative growth and flowering of curly red chili peppers (Capsicum annuum L.). Shoot pruning was carried out at the late vegetative phase, followed by the application of BAP and GA3. The observed parameters included the duration of lateral bud emergence, the number and length of lateral branches, leaf area, total chlorophyll content, biomass allocation, and the flowering period. The results showed that the application of BAP and GA3 concentration ratios significantly increased the number and length of lateral branches, leaf area, and accelerated the flowering time compared to the control. Treatments with the ratios of BAP 0 ppm : GA3 100 ppm and BAP 200 ppm : GA3 100 ppm yielded the best results in vegetative growth and accelerated flowering. This study contributes to the management of plant hormones post-pruning to enhance chili productivity.

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Keywords: BAP; GA3; Capsicum annuum; pertumbuhan; pembungaan
Funding: Fakultas Sains dan Matematika under contract 24.I/UN7.F8/PP/II/2023

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