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Total Asam, Total Padatan Terlarut, dan Rasio Gula-Asam Buah Pisang Raja (Musa paradisiaca L.) pada Kondisi Penyimpanan yang Berbeda.

1Program Studi Teknologi Hasil Pertanian, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas 17 Agustus 1945, Jl. Pawiyatan Luhur, Bendan Dhuwur Semarang 50233, Indonesia

2Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. Jacub Rais Tembalang Semarang 50275, Indonesia

Open Access Copyright 2022 Buletin Anatomi dan Fisiologi

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Abstract

Pisang Raja (Musa paradisiaca L.) merupakan salah satu jenis pisang yang populer di Indonesia. Pisang termasuk ke dalam golongan buah klimaterik, sehingga kondisi penyimpanan dan pengemasannya dapat mempengaruhi kualitas dan masa simpannya hingga sampai ke tangan konsumen. Dilakukan penghitungan total asam, total padatan terlarut, dan rasio gula-asam pisang raja yang diberi perlakuan penyimpanan berbeda, yaitu pada suhu ruang tanpa pengemas, suhu ruang dengan kemasan plastik, dan suhu ruang dengan kemasan plastik yang ditambahkan kalsium karbida. Pengamatan dilakukan pada hari ke 0, 3, dan 7. Data diolah dengan One Way ANOVA menggunakan aplikasi SPSS 2.1 dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95%, kemudian dilanjutkan uji Duncan apabila terdapat beda nyata. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diperoleh hasil bahwa terjadi peningkatan total dan total padatan terlarut buah pisang raja yang disimpan pada ketiga perlakuan selama 3 hari, kemudian menurun pada penyimpanan hari ke-7. Terjadi peningkatan rasio gula-asam dengan signifikan pada ketiga perlakuan selama penyimpanan. Kondisi penyimpanan pisang raja dalam plastik yang ditambahkan kalsium karbida pada suhu ruang adalah kondisi penyimpanan terbaik yang signifikan menghambat produksi asam organik dan mempercepat pematangan dilihat dari total asam, total padatan terlarut, dan rasio gula-asam nya. Peningkatan rasa manis yang ditunjukkan dari hasil rasio gula-asam paling cepat terjadi pada pisang raja yang disimpan dalam plastik yang diberi kalsium karbida dan diletakkan di suhu ruang, yaitu sebesar 238%.

 

Banana var. Raja (Musa paradisiaca L.) is popular in Indonesia. Bananas are classified as climacteric fruits, so storage and packaging conditions can affect their quality and shelf life until they reach consumers. Therefore, total acid, total soluble solids, and the sugar-acid ratio of plantains were calculated with different storage treatments, namely at room temperature without packaging, room temperature with plastic packaging, and room temperature with calcium carbide added plastic packaging. Observations were made on days 0, 3, and 7. The data were processed by One Way ANOVA using the SPSS 2.1 application with a 95% confidence level, then continued with Duncan's test if there was a significant difference. Based on the results of the study, it was found that there was an increase in the total acid and total soluble solids of banana fruit stored in all treatments for three days, then decreased on the 7th day of storage. In addition, there was a significant increase in the sugar-acid ratio in all treatments during storage. The storage conditions for bananas in plastic with calcium carbide added at room temperature were the best storage conditions which significantly inhibited the production of organic acids and accelerated ripening in terms of total acid, total dissolved solids, and sugar-acid ratio. The increase in sweetness shown from the results of the sugar-acid ratio was in bananas stored in plastic with calcium carbide and placed at room temperature, which was 238%.

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Keywords: pascapanen; pematangan; masa simpan; kemasan; suhu

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