Pertumbuhan Penduduk Perkotaan dan Perkembangan Pola Distribusinya pada Kawasan Metropolitan Surakarta

*Fadjar Hari Mardiansjah scopus  -  Departemen Perencanaan Wilayah dan Kota, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro, Indonesia
Wiwandari Handayani orcid scopus  -  Departemen Perencanaan Wilayah dan Kota, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro, Indonesia
Jawoto Sih Setyono orcid scopus  -  Departemen Perencanaan Wilayah dan Kota, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro, Indonesia
Received: 9 Aug 2018; Published: 31 Dec 2018.
Open Access
Citation Format:
Article Info
Section: Articles
Language: ID
Full Text:
In Vol 6, No 3 (2018): December 2018
Statistics: 497 6183

Abstract
Urbanization has brought rapid changes and transformations in many aspects of urban processes of many developing countries, including in spatial aspect, in the form of extended spatial formation of the cities into the surroundings, in order to meet the needs of economic and productive processes as well as those of social and consumption processes. Using the case of the growth of Surakarta Metropolitan, this paper aims to deepen understanding on the spatial process of urban population growth in the peripheries of secondary metropolitan that based on medium city size in Java, which is considered as one of the most densest populated in the world. The article will show the process of metropolitanization in Surakarta Metropolitan, in which influenced of its limitness of the administrative jurisdiction of the core area, the the growth extends into the surrounding areas. The analysis employs a time serial analysis by utilizing the national censuses population data from 1990 to 2010, The result shows that the urbanization process in Surakarta leads into a extended spatial form which also characterized by a fragmented phenomena. The spatial urban formation formed by such a process consist of a combination of some extensions of the previous urban areas and the formation of new urban centers that approached and merged one to each other in the long run. This process need to be understood as urbanization process is also a major contributors that shape the resource allocation and consumption of resources in the metropolitan and the surrounding areas. For Indonesia, the understanding of these processes will be very beneficial for the formulation of regional collaboration strategies in developing sustainable urbanization in the future.
Keywords
medium cities; metropolitanization; spatial form; Surakarta; urbanization

Article Metrics:

  1. Antrop, M. (2004). Landscape change and the urbanization process in Europe. Landcape and Urban Planning, 67, 9–26. doi:10.1016/S0169-2046(03)00026-4.
  2. Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS). (2015). Penduduk Indonesia: Hasil survei penduduk antar sensus 2015. Badan Pusat Statistik Indonesia.
  3. Badshah, A. A. (1996). Our urban future: New paradigms for equity and sustainability. London and New Jersey: Zed Books Ltd.
  4. Baldwin, R., & Martin, P. (2003). Agglomeration and regional growth. Handbook of Regional and Urban Economics, 4(3960), 2671–2711. doi:10.1016/S1574-0080(04)80017-8.
  5. Budiyantini, Y., & Pratiwi, V. (2016). Peri-urban typology of Bandung Metropolitan Area. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 227(November 2015), 833–837. doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2016.06.152.
  6. Buhaug, H., & Urdal, H. (2013). An urbanization bomb? Population growth and social disorder in cities. Global Environmental Change, 23, 1–10. doi:10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2012.10.016.
  7. Chi, G. (2010). Land Developability: Developing an index of land use and development for population research Guangqing. Journal of Maps, 6(1), 609–617. doi:10.4113/jom.2010.1146.
  8. Cohen, B. (2004). Urban growth in developing countries : A review of current trends and a caution regarding existing forecasts. World Development, 32(1), 23–51. doi:10.1016/j.worlddev.2003.04.008.
  9. Cohen, B. (2006). Urbanization in developing countries: Current trends, future projections, and key challenges for sustainability. Technology in Society, 28, 63–80. doi:10.1016/j.techsoc.2005.10.005.
  10. Costanza, R., de Groot, R., Sutton, P., van der Ploeg, S., Anderson, S. J., Kubiszewski, I., … Turner, R. K. (2014). Changes in the global value of ecosystem services. Global Environmental Change, 26, 152–158. doi:10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2014.04.002.
  11. Davis, K. (1955). The origin and growth of urbanization in the world. World Urbanism, 60(5), 429–437.
  12. Devas, N., & Rakodi, C. (1993). The urban challenge. In N. Devas & C. Rakodi (Eds.), Managing fast growing cities. New approaches to urban planning and management in the developing world (pp. 1–40). Essex, Longman House.
  13. Dorodjatoen, A. M. H. (2009). The emergence of Jakarta-Bandung mega-urban region and its future challenges. Jurnal Perencanaan Wilayah Dan Kota, 20(1), 15–33.
  14. Falkenmark, M. (2013). Growing water scarcity in agriculture: future challenge to global water security. Philosophical Transactions of The Royal Society. doi:10.1098/rsta.2012.0410.
  15. Firman, T. (2009). The continuity and change in mega-urbanization in Indonesia: A survey of Jakarta-Bandung Region (JBR) development. Habitat International, 33(4), 327–339. doi:10.1016/j.habitatint.2008.08.005.
  16. Firman, T. (2016a). Demographic patterns of Indonesia’s urbanization, 2000–2010: Continuity and change at the macro level. In G. C & J. G (Eds.), Contemporary demographic transformations in China, India and Indonesia. Demographic transformation and socio-economic development,. Springer, Cham. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-24783-0_16.
  17. Firman, T. (2016b). The urbanisation of Java, 2000-2010: towards ‘the island of mega-urban regions.’ Asian Population Studies, 1–17. doi:10.1080/17441730.2016.1247587.
  18. Firman, T., & Fahmi, F. Z. (2017). The privatization of metropolitan Jakarta’s (Jabodetabek) urban fringes: The early stages of “post-suburbanization” in Indonesia. Journal of the American Planning Association, 83(1), 68–79. doi:10.1080/01944363.2016.1249010.
  19. Fujita, M., & Thisse, J.-F. (2002). Economic agglomeration: Cities, industrial location, and regional growth. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  20. Godber, O. F., & Wall, R. (2014). Livestock and food security: vulnerability to population growth and climate change. Global Change Biology, 20, 3092–3102. doi:10.1111/gcb.12589.
  21. Jaegen, J. A. ., Bertiller, R., Schwick, C., Cavens, D., & Kienast, F. (2010). Urban permeation of landscapes and sprawl per capita: New measures of urban sprawl. Ecological Indicators, 10, 427–441. doi:10.1016/j.ecolind.2009.07.010.
  22. Mardiansjah, F. H. (2013). Urbanisation durable des territoires et politiques de développement urbain en Indonésie: Étude de trois kabupaten en voie d’urbanisation rapide dans l’île de Java. University of Paris-Est.
  23. Merlin, P., & Choay, F. (2005). Dictionnaire de l’urbanisme et de l’aménagement. Paris: Quadrige/Manuel.
  24. Neumann, J. E., Price, J., Chinowsky, P., Wright, L., Ludwig, L., Streeter, R., … Martinich, J. (2014). Climate change risks to US infrastructure : impacts on roads , bridges , coastal development , and urban drainage. Climatic Change, 131(1), 97–109. doi:10.1007/s10584-013-1037-4.
  25. Salvati, L., Zambon, I., Chelli, F. M., & Serra, P. (2018). Do spatial patterns of urbanization and land consumption reflect different socioeconomic contexts in Europe? Science of the Total Environment, 625, 722–730. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.12.341.
  26. Samat, N., Hasni, R., & Elhadary, Y. A. E. (2011). Modelling land use changes at the peri-urban areas using geographic information systems and cellular automata model. Journal of Sustainable Development, 4(6), 72–84. doi:10.5539/jsd.v4n6p72.
  27. Sato, Y., & Yamamoto, K. (2005). Population concentration, urbanization, and demographic transition. Journal of Urban Economics, 58, 45–61. doi:10.1016/j.jue.2005.01.004.
  28. Tisdale, H. (1942). The process of urbanization. Social Forces, 20(3), 311–316. doi:10.2307/3005615.
  29. Wahyudi, A., Liu, Y., & Corcoran, J. (2018). Combining Landsat and landscape metrics to analyse large-scale urban land cover change: a case study in the Jakarta Metropolitan Area. Journal of Spatial Science, 1–20. doi:10.1080/14498596.2018.1443849.
  30. Williamson, J. G. (1965). Regional inequality and the process of national development: A description of the patterns. Economic Development and Cultural Change, 13(4), 1–84. doi:10.1086/450136.
  31. Winarso, H., Hudalah, D., & Firman, T. (2015). Peri-urban transformation in the Jakarta metropolitan area. Habitat International, 49, 221–229. doi:10.1016/j.habitatint.2015.05.024.
  32. Wu, Y., Zhang, X., & Shen, L. (2011). The impact of urbanization policy on land use change: A scenario analysis. Cities, 28(2), 147–159. doi:10.1016/j.cities.2010.11.002.
  33. Zitti, M., Ferrara, C., Perini, L., Carlucci, M., & Salvati, L. (2015). Long-term urban growth and land use efficiency in Southern Europe: Implications for sustainable land management. Sustainability, 7, 3359–3385. doi:10.3390/su7033359.

Copyright (c) 2018 Jurnal Wilayah dan Lingkungan License URL: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/