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Studi Kasus: Pertolongan Pertama Kegawatdaruratan pada Suspek Hipernatremia di Rumah

*Nur Hafizhah Poespodiwirjo orcid  -  Departemen Ilmu Keperawatan, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia|Universitas Diponegoro|Indonesia, Indonesia
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Abstract
Hipernatremia dapat menyebabkan kematian akibat gangguan cairan tubuh sehingga menimbulkan rusaknya sel-sel otak. Penelitian terkait penggunaan kalium dalam manajemen hipernatremia dan tatalaksana kasus hipernatremia pasien hipersensitif obat masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan tindakan pertolongan pertama pada suspek hipernatremia yang hipersensitif obat. Studi kualitatif ini adalah studi kasus di bidang kesehatan (case report) yang merupakan bagian dari studi kasus tunggal. Partisipan dalam studi ini adalah seorang partisipan yang menjalani homecare. Adapun data dikumpulkan dengan melakukan anamnesis kepada partisipan dan menginterpretasikan tanda klinis yang muncul terkait hipernatremia. Data dianalisis menggunakan five analytic techniques. Seorang wanita berusia 48 tahun mengeluhkan sesak napas dan palpitasi setelah mengonsumsi jus celery untuk mengendalikan kadar kolesterol darahnya. Partisipan juga mengeluhkan adanya kelelahan yang juga merupakan tanda dari hipernatremia.  Partisipan diberikan oksigen 3 liter per menit per nasal kanul, larutan gula hangat, air putih dan tiga butir kurma. Setelah dilakukan intervensi, partisipan menunjukkan perbaikan kondisi berupa sesak napas dan dada berdebar-debar menurun. Hal ini menunjukkan kurma dapat dijadikan pertimbangan untuk pertolongan pertama pada hipernatremia di rumah sebelum partisipan mendapatkan penanganan lanjutan di rumah sakit. Penelitian selanjutnya diperlukan untuk menguji jumlah makanan tinggi kalium yang harus dikonsumsi secara tepat.

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Keywords: hipernatremia; homecare; komunitas; manajemen kegawatdaruratan; pertolongan pertama

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