DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/gjec.2025.29573

Kombucha Herbal Pegagan-Melinjo: Optimasi Formulasi, Metode Ekstraksi, dan Mekanisme Sinergis Antioksidan

*Nurrizka Kurniawati orcid  -  Department of Pharmachy, Stikes Bhakti Husada Mulia, Jl. Taman Praja No.25, Mojorejo, Kec. Taman, Kota Madiun, Jawa Timur 63139, Indonesia
Yanuar As'hari Cahyaningrum  -  Department of Pharmachy, Stikes Bhakti Husada Mulia, Jl. Taman Praja No.25, Mojorejo, Kec. Taman, Kota Madiun, Jawa Timur 63139, Indonesia
Laela Febriana  -  Department of Pharmachy, Stikes Bhakti Husada Mulia, Jl. Taman Praja No.25, Mojorejo, Kec. Taman, Kota Madiun, Jawa Timur 63139, Indonesia
Ilham Budi Kusuma  -  Department of Pharmachy, Stikes Bhakti Husada Mulia, Jl. Taman Praja No.25, Mojorejo, Kec. Taman, Kota Madiun, Jawa Timur 63139, Indonesia
Muhimmatul Mukharomah  -  , Indonesia
Open Access Copyright 2025 Greensphere: Journal of Environmental Chemistry

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Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengoptimalkan formulasi kombucha herbal menggunakan daun pegagan (Centella asiatica L.) dan melinjo (Gnetum gnemon L.) serta mengevaluasi efek sinergisnya terhadap aktivitas antioksidan. Dua belas formulasi dikembangkan dengan variasi basis teh (teh hijau dan teh hitam), ekstraksi (infus dan maserasi), dan komposisi herbal (tunggal dan kombinasi). Proses fermentasi dilakukan selama 14 hari, dan aktivitas antioksidan diukur menggunakan metode DPPH. Hasilnya menunjukkan variasi aktivitas antioksidan yang signifikan di antara formulasi, dengan nilai IC50 berkisar antara 8,70 hingga 22,60 µg/mL. Kombinasi teh hijau dengan ekstrak daun pegagan dan melinjo (Formulasi FF) menunjukkan aktivitas antioksidan terkuat (IC50 8,70 µg/mL), yang 1,6 kali lebih kuat daripada asam askorbat (IC50 14,23 µg/mL) sebagai standar. Keempat formulasi teratas dengan aktivitas antioksidan tertinggi mengandung kombinasi kedua herbal tersebut menegaskan efek sinergis yang jernih. Metode maserasi secara konsisten menghasilkan aktivitas antioksidan yang lebih unggul dibandingkan dengan metode infus. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa formulasi kombucha herbal yang dioptimalkan memiliki potensi besar sebagai minuman fungsional berkadar antioksidan tinggi, dengan kombinasi pegagan dan daun melinjo yang menunjukkan peningkatan sinergis yang signifikan terhadap senyawa bioaktif.

 

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Keywords: kombucha; pegagan; daun melinjo; aktivitas antioksidan; minuman fungsional.
Funding: Universitas Diponegoro

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