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Peningkatan Laju Pertumbuhan Tagetes erecta L. pada Cekaman Krom Heksavalen dengan Trichoderma viride

Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas Biologi, Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana, Jl. Diponegoro No. 52 – 60, Salatiga, Jawa Tengah, 50711, Indonesia

Open Access Copyright 2024 Buletin Anatomi dan Fisiologi

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Abstract

 

Kromium heksavalen (Cr6+) merupakan polutan kromium dengan toksisitas lebih tinggi dibandingkan kromium trivalen. Tagetes erecta merupakan tanaman fitoremediator yang sudah banyak diteliti untuk meremediasi lingkungan yang tercemar polutan Cr. Trichoderma viride adalah satu jenis jamur yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai stimulator pertumbuhan tanaman pada lingkungan yang tercemar logam berat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis efek T. viride terhadap laju pertumbuhan tanaman T. erecta pada kondisi cekaman logam Cr6+. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dua faktor. Faktor pertama adalah dosis kerapatan spora T. viride terdiri dari 0 (tanpa) dan 108 sebanyak 10 ml/tanaman. Faktor kedua adalah konsentrasi Cr6+ terdiri dari 0, 10, 50, dan 100 mg Cr6+/L. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa T. viride mampu meningkatkan secara nyata laju pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun dan jumlah bunga T. erecta pada kondisi cekaman Cr6+T. viride mampu meningkatkan tinggi tanaman kontrol dan tanaman yang diberi perlakuan Cr6+ 10, 50 dan 100 mg Cr6+/L berturut-turut sebesar 5,49%, 4,52%, 7,80%, dan 9,88%, sedangkan jumlah daun tanaman yang diberi perlakuan T. viride berturut-turut meningkat sebesar 8,01%, 10,17%, 14,33% dan 18,95% dibandingkan tanaman T. erecta tanpa perlakuan penambahan T. viride. Jumlah bunga pada tanaman yang diberi perlakuan T. viride dengan cekaman Cr6+ sebesar 10, 50 dan 100 mg Cr6+/L mengalami peningkatan berturut-turut sebesar 65,38%, 52,63%, 64,29%, dan 70,00% dibandingkan tanaman tanpa perlakuan T. viride.

 

Hexavalent chromium (Cr6+) is a chromium pollutant with higher toxicity than trivalent chromium. Tagetes erecta is a phytoremediator plant that has been widely studied to remediate environments contaminated with Cr pollutants. Trichoderma viride is a species of fungus that can be used as a plant growth stimulator in environments contaminated with heavy metals. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of T. viride on the growth rate of T. erecta plants under Cr6+ metal stress conditions. This research was conducted using a two-factor completely randomized design. The first factor is the dose of T. viride spore density consisting of 0 (control) and 108 as much as 10 ml/plant. The second factor is the Cr6+ concentration consisting of 0, 10, 50, and 100 mg Cr6+/L. The results showed that T. viride was able to significantly increase the growth rate of plant height, number of leaves and number of flowers of T. erecta under Cr6+ stress conditions. T. viride was able to increase the height of control plants and plants treated with Cr6+ 10, 50 and 100 mg Cr6+/L respectively by 5.49%, 4.52%, 7.80% and 9.88%, while the number leaves of plants treated with T. viride increased by 8.01%, 10.17%, 14.33% and 18.95% respectively compared to T. erecta plants without the addition of T. viride. The number of flowers on plants treated with T. viride with Cr6+ treatments of 10, 50 and 100 mg Cr6+/L increased respectively by 65.38%, 52.63%, 64.29% and 70.00% compared to plants without T. viride treatment.

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Keywords: respon fisiologis, laju pertumbuhan, kromium heksavalen, Tagetes erecta, Trichoderma viride

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