DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/baf.9.1.2024.39-47

Karakteristik Stomata dan Trikoma Lima Spesies Gulma Familia Asteraceae di Waduk Pendidikan Universitas Diponegoro

Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. Jacob Rais, Tembalang, Semarang 50275, Indonesia

Open Access Copyright 2024 Buletin Anatomi dan Fisiologi

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Abstract

Familia Asteraceae merupakan kelompok tanaman dengan kemampuan adaptasi tinggi. Hal tersebut didukung oleh karakteristik struktur stomata dan trikomanya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik stomata dan trikoma lima spesies gulma dari familia Asteraceae yang tumbuh di Waduk Pendidikan Universitas Diponegoro. Kelima spesies gulma tersebut adalah Bandotan (Ageratum conyzoides L.), Kirinyuh (Chromolaena odorata L.), Ketul (Bidens pilosa L.), Gletang (Tridax procumbens L.), dan Sawilangit (Vernonia cinerea L.). Preparat anatomi epidermis daun dibuat dengan metode free-hand section. Data kualitatif dianalisis secara deskriptif, sedang  data kuantitatif dianalisis dengan uji T. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karakterisik stomata kelima spesies adalah stoma tipe anomositik, sel penutup berbentuk ginjal, dan letak stoma amfistomatik. Panjang stoma, lebar stoma dan densitas stomata bervariasi di kedua permukaan daun. Pada kelima spesies trikoma multiseluler dengan bentuk bervariasi diantara spesies. Trikoma non-glanduler ditemukan pada kelima spesies, sedangkan trikoma glanduler hanya terdapat pada B. pilosa L. Panjang dan densitas trikoma pada kelima spesies bervariasi di kedua permukaan daun. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan stomanya, B. Pilosa L. mempunyai karakter yang paling berbeda diantara ke lima species tersebut.

 

 

The Asteraceae family is a group of plants with high adaptability. This is supported by the structural characteristics of the stomata and trichomes. This research aims to determine the characteristics of the stomata and trichomes of five weed species from the Asteraceae family that grow in the Diponegoro University Education Reservoir. The five weed species are Bandotan (Ageratum conyzoides L.), Kirinyuh (Chromolaena odorata L.), Ketul (Bidens pilosa L.), Gletang (Tridax procumbens L.), and Sawilangit (Vernonia cinerea L.). Anatomical  leaf epidermis preparations were made using the free-hand section method. Qualitative data were analyzed descriptively, while quantitative data were analyzed using the T test. The results showed that the characteristics of the stomata of the five species were anomocytic stoma, kidney-shaped guard cells, and amphistomatic stoma location. Stoma length, stoma width and stoma density vary on both leaf surfaces. In the five species the trichomes are multicellular with varying shapes between species. Non-glandular trichomes were found in all five species, while glandular trichomes were only found in B. pilosa L.. The length and density of trichomes in the five species varied on both leaf surfaces. This shows that based on its stoma, B. Pilosa L. has the most different characters among the five species.

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Keywords: anomositik; amfistomatik; densitas; sel penutup
Funding: Universitas Diponegoro under contract 40.A1/UN7.F8/PP/II/2023

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