DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/baf.8.2.2023.154-160

Kandungan Pigmen Fotosintetik dan Pertumbuhan Vegetatif Tanaman Kedelai (Glycine max L. Merr.) var. Grobogan Pada Tingkat Ketersediaan Air yang Berbeda

Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika,Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. Jacob Rais, Tembalang, Semarang, Indonesia 50275, Indonesia

Open Access Copyright 2023 Buletin Anatomi dan Fisiologi

Citation Format:
Abstract

Kedelai merupakan sumber protein yang murah sehingga permintaan tinggi, tetapi produksi kedelai di Indonesia rendah. Tanaman kedelai umumnya ditanam di sawah tadah hujan sehingga rawan cekaman kekeringan dan menyebabkan produksi rendah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode ekperimental,  bertujuan mengkaji pengaruh tingkat ketersediaan air terhadap kandungan pigmen fotosintetik daun dan pertumbuhan vegetatif tanaman kedelai [Glycine max (l.) Merr.] varietas Grobogan. Penelitian dilakukan di kebun percobaan dan laboratorium Struktur dan fungsi tumbuhan  Departemen biologi FSM UNDIP, menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) satu faktor berupa tingkat ketersediaan air yang berbeda yaitu 100%, 75%, 50%, dan 25% kapasitas lapang.  Data dianalisis dengan analisis sidik ragam One Way ANOVA, dilanjutkan dengan Uji DMRT dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penurunan persentase ketersediaan air tidak memengaruhi kandungan pigmen fotosintetik daun kedelai. Penurunan persentase ketersediaan air menurunkan pertumbuhan tajuk, untuk jumlah daun mulai turun pada ketersediaan air 25%, tinggi tanaman pada 75%, bobot tajuk pada 50%. Ketersediaan air paling optimal bagi panjang akar dan bobot akar adalah 75%.

 

 

Soybeans are a cheap source of protein, so demand is high, but soybean production in Indonesia is low. Soybean crops are generally planted in rainfed rice fields, so they are prone to drought stress and cause low production. This study used an experimental method, aimed to examine the effect of water availability on the photosynthetic pigment content of leaves and vegetative growth of soybean plants [Glycine max (l.) Merr.] Grobogan variety. The research was conducted in the experimental garden and laboratory Plant structure and function of the Department of Biology FSM UNDIP, using a one-factor Complete Randomized Design (RAL) in the form of different levels of water availability, namely 100%, 75%, 50%, and 25% field capacity.  The data was analyzed by One Way ANOVA fingerprint analysis, followed by DMRT Test with a confidence level of 95%. The results showed that the decrease in the percentage of water availability did not affect the photosynthetic pigment content of soybean leaves. A decrease in the percentage of water availability decreases the growth of the header, for the number of leaves begins to fall at water availability 25%, plant height at 75%, header weight at 50%. The most optimal water availability for root length and root weight is 75%. 

Fulltext View|Download
Keywords: tingkat ketersediaan air; kedelai; varietas Grobogan
Funding: Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Universitas Diponegoro under contract 12611/UN7.5.8/PP/2022.

Article Metrics:

Article Info
Section: Articles
Language : ID
Recent articles
Efek Interaktif Selenium dan Kromium Terhadap Pertumbuhan Vegetatif dan Generatif Tagetes erecta L. Uji Kualitas Beberapa Madu Lokal di Semarang Pertambahan Bobot Tubuh, Panjang Tubuh dan Tinggi Tubuh Ikan Nila Merah (Oreochromis niloticus) yang Dipelihara Pada Aerasi dan Padat Tebar Berbeda More recent articles
  1. Ariyadi, F., Hasanuddin, Ichsan C. N. (2022). Pengaruh Cekaman Kekeringan dan Pemupukan Kalium Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Padi (Oryza sativa L.). Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pertanian, 7(2), 8-14. https://doi.org/10.17969/jimfp.v7i2.20007
  2. Badan Pusat Statistik. (2022) Impor Kedelai Menurut Negara Asal Utama, 2017-2021. www.BPS.go.id
  3. Budiasih, L. Parlinah, R. N., Suparman, Badriani, Tria. (2020). Kombinasi Konsentrasi dan Interval Pemberian Kitosan terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Kedelai (Glycine max L.) Varietas Grobogan. Jurnal Agrotek Indonesia, 2(5), 20-24. https://doi.org/10.33661/jai.v5i2.4345
  4. Chowdhury, J., Karim, M., Khaliq, Q., & Ahmed, A. (2017). Effect of drought stress on bio-chemical change and cell membrane stability of soybean genotypes. Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research, 42(3), 475–485. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v42i3.34506
  5. Chun, H. C.,, Lee, S., Choi, Y. D., Gong, D. H., Jung, K. Y. (2021). Effects of drought stress on root morphology and spatial distribution of soybean and adzuki bean. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 20(10), 2639–2651. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2095-3119(20)63560-2
  6. Elsalahy H. H., Reckling M. (2022). Soybean resilience to drought is supported by partial recovery of photosynthetic traits. Front Plant Sci, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.971893
  7. Garfansa, M. P., & Sukma, K. P. W. (2021). Translokasi asimilat tanaman jagung (Zea mays L.) hasil persilangan varietas Elos dan Sukmaraga pada cekaman garam. Agrovigor: Jurnal Agroekoteknologi, 14(1), 61–65. https://doi.org/10.21107/agrovigor.v14i1.8898
  8. Kapoor, D., Bhardwaj, S., Landi, M., Sharma, A., Ramakrishnan, M., Sharma, A. (2020). The Impact of Drought in Plant Metabolism: How to Exploit Tolerance Mechanisms to Increase Crop Production. Applied Sciences, 10(16), 5692. https://doi.org/10.3390/app10165692
  9. Kul, R., Ekinci, M., Turan, M., Ors, S., & Yildirim, E. (2020). How Abiotic Stress Conditions Affects Plant Roots. In E. Yildirim, M. Turan, & M. Ekinci (Eds.), Plant Roots. IntechOpen. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.95286
  10. Monteoliva, M. I., Guzzo M. C., Posada G. A. (2021). Breeding for Drought Tolerance by Monitoring Chlorophyll Content. Gene Technol. Gene Technol, 10(3), 165. doi: 10.35248/2329-6682.21.10.165
  11. Nur’aini & Rachmawati, D. (2022). Physiological response and growth of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]'Dega 1' in different water availability. Biogenesis: Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi, 10 (1), 89-97. https://doi.org/10.24252/bio.v10i1.27827
  12. Nurmiati. (2016). Pengaruh Perbedaan Jenis Gulma yang Hidup Secara Terkontrol Terhadap Pertumbuhan Jagung (Zea mays L). Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi dan Sains (PENBIOS). 1(2), 1-14
  13. Simbolon, E., Suedy, S. W. A., Darmanti, Sri. (2020). Pengaruh Hidrogen Peroksida Dan Ketersediaan Air Terhadap Pertumbuhan Vegetatif Tanaman Kedelai [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] Varietas Deja 1. AGRIC. 32(1) : 39-50. https://doi.org/10.24246/agric.2020.v32.i1.p39-50
  14. Sinamo, V., Hanafi, N. D., & Wahyuni, T. H. (2018). Legume Plant Growth at Various Levels of Drought Stress Treatment. Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Research, 1(1), 9-19. https://doi.org/10.32734/injar.v1i1.182
  15. Siregar, A. O., Hanum C., Hanafiah D. S. (2021). Morphological characterization of soybean (Glycine max L. Merril) in drought stress condition and P fertilizer application. IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 713, 012019. doi: 10.1088/1755-1315/713/1/012019
  16. Taufiq, A. & Sundari, T. (2012). Respons Tanaman Kedelai Terhadap Lingkungan Tumbuh. Buletin Palawija, 23, 13–26. https://dx.doi.org/10.21082/bul%20palawija.v0n23.2012.p%p
  17. Thomas, H., & Ougham H. (2014). The stay-green trait. J Exp Bot, 65(14), 3889–3900. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/eru037
  18. Wahono, E., Izzati, M., Parman, S. (2018). Interaksi antara Tingkat Ketersediaan Air dan Varietas terhadap Kandungan Prolin serta Pertumbuhan Tanaman Kedelai (Glycine max L. Merr). Buletin Anatomi dan Fisiologi, 3 (1) , 11 – 19. https://doi.org/10.14710/baf.3.1.2018.11-19
  19. Wellburn, A. R. (1994). The Spectral Determination of Chlorophylls a and b, as well as Total Carotenoids, Using Various Solvents with Spectrophotometers of Different Resolution. Journal of Plant Physiology, 144 (3), 307-313. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0176-1617(11)81192-2
  20. Wijewardana, C., Alsajri, F. A., Irby, J. T., Krutz, L., J. Golden, B., Henry, W. B., Gao, W., & Reddy, K. R. (2019). Physiological assessment of water deficit in soybean using midday leaf water potential and spectral features. Journal of Plant Interactions, 14 (1), 533-543. https://doi.org/10.1080/17429145.2019.1662499
  21. Yang X., Lu, M., Wang, Y., Wang, Y., Liu, Z., Chen, S. (2021). Response Mechanism of Plants to Drought Stress. Horticulturae, 7(3), 50. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae7030050
  22. Yoshida, S. (1976). Laboratory Manual for Physiological Studies of Rice (third). Manila: The International Rice Research Institute
  23. Yusuf, E. Y. (2019). Pengaruh Genotip Cekaman Kekeringan Dan Tingkat Netralisasi Al Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Perakaran Kedelai. Jurnal Agroindragiri, 6(2), 55-65. https://doi.org/10.32520/jai.v5i1.1452
  24. Zhao, W., Liu, L., Shen, Q., Yang, J., Han, X., Tian, F., Wu, J. (2020). Effects of Water Stress on Photosynthesis, Yield, and Water Use Efficiency in Winter Wheat, Water. 12(8), 2127, https://doi.org/10.3390/w12082127

Last update:

No citation recorded.

Last update:

No citation recorded.