Respon Pertumbuhan Tanaman Tomat (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) yang diberi Perlakuan Jenis Pupuk Organik dan Anorganik pada Media Pasir Pantai

Abstract

Lahan pasir pantai kurang dimanfaatkan sebagai lahan petanian karena miskin hara dan tidak dapat mengikat air. Lahan pasir pantai dapat dioptimalkan dengan penggunaan pupuk organik dan anorganik. Penelitian ini mengkaji penggunaan pupuk organik berbahan dasar Azolla maupun kotoran sapi dibandingkan dengan pupuk anorganik NPK pada media pasir pantai terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman tomat varietas Servo. Bibit tomat umur 4 minggu dipindahkan ke dalam polybag yang berisi pasir pantai dengan perlakuan jenis pupuk. Desain penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) faktor tunggal yaitu 3 jenis pupuk dengan perbandingan pasir:pupuk yaitu 2:1, berupa pupuk organik Azolla, pupuk organik kotoran sapi dan pupuk anorganik NPK (20% Nitrogen, 10% Fosfor, 10% Kalium) masing-masing sebanyak 5 ulangan. Parameter penelitian meliputi tinggi tanaman, panjang akar, bobot segar, bobot kering, diameter batang dan jumlah daun. Data hasil penelitian diuji statistik dengan Analysist of Varian (ANOVA), kemudian dilanjutkan uji Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) tingkat kepercayaan 95%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan jenis pupuk mempengaruhi pertumbuhan. Pupuk organik Azolla dan pupuk anorganik NPK meningkatkan diameter dan jumlah daun tanaman tomat, sedangkan pupuk organik berbahan dasar kotoran sapi meningkatkan panjang akar. Kesimpulan penelitian ini, pemberian pupuk organik Azolla dan pupuk anorganik NPK memberikan pengaruh lebih banyak terhadap  pertumbuhan pada media pasir pantai.

Beach sandland underutilized as agricultural because it is poor in nutrients and cannot bind water. Sandland can be optimized with the use of organic and inorganic fertilizers. This study examined the use of organic fertilizers based on Azolla and cow dung compared to NPK inorganic fertilizers in beach sand media to the growth of servo variety tomato plants. Tomato seedlings aged 4 weeks are transferred into polybags containing beach sand with fertilizer type treatment. The research design uses a complete random design (RAL) single factor, namely 3 types of fertilizers with sand comparison: fertilizers that are 2: 1, in the form of Azolla organic fertilizers, cow dung organic fertilizers and NPK inorganic fertilizers (20% Nitrogen, 10% Phosphorus, 10% Potassium) each as much as 5 repetitions. Research parameters include plant height, root length, fresh weight, dry weight, stem diameter and number of leaves. The data was tested statistically with the Analysist of Varian (ANOVA), followed by the Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) with a confidence level of 95%. The results showed that the treatment of this type of fertilizer affects growth. Azolla organic fertilizer and NPK inorganic fertilizer increase the diameter and number of leaves of tomato plants, while organic fertilizers based on cow dung increase the length of roots. Conclusion of this study, the provision of Azolla organic fertilizer and NPK inorganic fertilizers exerts more influence on growth in beach sand media.