Potensi Mangrove Avicennia Marina (Forsk.) sebagai Agen Fitoremidiasi Kadmium (Cd) di Tambak dan Laut Mangunharjo, Kecamatan Tugu, Kota Semarang

Abstract

Aktivitas industri di perairan Mangunharjo menghasilkan limbah yang dapat menyebabkan pencemaran logam berat salah satunya yaitu kadmium (Cd). Mangrove Avicennia marina dapat mengabsorbsi Cd dari sedimen dan air melalui akar kemudian di translokasi ke organ lain seperti daun dan akar sehingga berpotensi sebagai fitoremidiasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kemampuan akumulasi Cd pada akar dan daun mangrove Avicennia marina di perairan laut dan tambak Mangunharjo. Penelitian ini menggunakan RAL dengan 2 faktor yaitu lokasi (tambak dan laut) dan organ (daun dan akar) masing-masing perlakuan dengan 3 ulangan. Analisis kandungan Cd menggunakan metode AAS (Atomic Absorption Spechtophotometry), data diuji dengan ANOVA, dilanjutkan dengan DMRT pada taraf uji 5 %. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa di tambak kadar Cd pada sedimen yaitu 1.0897 ppm dan pada air 0.0123 ppm, sedangkan di laut kadar Cd pada sedimen yaitu 0.1193 ppm dan pada air 0.0163 ppm. Faktor organ mangrove dan lokasi menujukkan interaksi terhadap kadar Cd dan nilai BCF. Kadar Cd tertinggi terdapat pada organ daun di tambak (0.2269 ppm) dan nilai terendah terdapat pada organ daun di laut (0.0200 ppm). Nilai BCF tertinggi terdapat pada organ akar di laut (0.5133) dan yang paling rendah adalah organ daun di laut (0.0567).

Industrial activities in the waters of Mangunharjo produce waste that can cause heavy metal pollution, one of which is cadmium (Cd). Avicennia marina mangroves can absorb Cd from sediment and water through the roots and then translocated to other organs such as leaves and roots so that it has the potential as phytoremediation. This study aimed to analyze the ability of Cd accumulation in the roots and leaves of Avicennia marina mangroves in Ponds and Mangunharjo Seas. This study used RAL with 2 factors, namely location (ponds and sea) and organs (leaves and roots) each treatment with 3 replications. Analysis of Cd content using AAS (Atomic Absorption Spechtophotometry) method, data was tested by ANOVA, followed by DMRT at the 5% test level. The results showed that in ponds the Cd content in sediment was 1.0897 ppm and in water was 0.0123 ppm, while at sea the Cd level in sediment was 0.1193 ppm and in water was 0.0163 ppm. Mangrove organ factors and location showed an interaction with Cd levels and BCF values. The highest Cd levels were found in leaf organs in ponds (0.2269 ppm) and the lowest values were found in leaf organs in the sea (0.0200 ppm). The highest BCF value was found in root organs in the sea (0.5133) and the lowest was in leaf organs in the sea (0.0567).