Perumahan, Ruang Perkotaan dan Pengaruhnya terhadap Mobilitas Mandiri Anak

Fenita Indrasari

doi:10.14710/tataloka.24.3.267-281

DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/tataloka.24.3.267-281

Perumahan, Ruang Perkotaan dan Pengaruhnya terhadap Mobilitas Mandiri Anak

*Fenita Indrasari - Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perumahan dan Permukiman, Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan, Kementerian Pekerjaan Umum dan Perumahan Rakyat, Indonesia

under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/.

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Abstract

Anak memiliki pengalaman dan memanfaatkan lingkungan perkotaan dengan cara yang berbeda dari orang dewasa. Perkotaan yang dibangun dengan hanya membuat taman bermain tanpa mempertimbangkan faktor mobilitas mandiri anak cenderung mempengaruhi proses tumbuh kembang anak secara negatif. Artikel ini memuat analisis skala layanan sarana pendidikan, serta data survei checklist sebagai instrumen pemetaan sarana dan dokumentasi foto pada tujuh sampel perumahan dan wawancara terstruktur pada keluarga yang dipilih secara acak dari tiga sampel perumahan. Hasilnya diketahui bahwa mobilitas mandiri anak (CIM) tidak banyak terjadi. Pemilihan sekolah berdasarkan kualitas dan biaya, jarak yang harus ditempuh antara rumah dan sekolah, serta dikombinasikan dengan minimnya moda transportasi umum dan rendahnya walkability menghasilkan pola CIM sebagai berikut: untuk sekolah, lebih banyak anak yang pergi diantar jemput menggunakan kendaraan pribadi; Untuk aktivitas selain sekolah, seperti berbelanja atau jajan dan bermain, lebih banyak yang bepergian secara mandiri. Alasan dibalik pola CIM tersebut adalah ketakutan orang tua, terhadap lalu lintas kendaraan maupun orang tak dikenal. Untuk menggalakkan CIM, upaya penyediaan sarana dan prasarana yang ramah anak harus juga disertai penyadaran orang tua dan masyarakat akan pentingnya CIM dan aktivitas anak di luar rumah.

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Keywords: Mobilitas Anak, Perumahan, Perkotaan

Funding: RMIT University, Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perumahan dan Permukiman

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In Vol 24, No 3 (2022): Volume 24 No. 3 August 2022

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