Penyelesaian Sengketa Tanah Masyarakat Adat Karuhun Urang (AKUR) Di Desa Cigugur Kuningan Melalui Lembaga Peradilan

Abstract

ABSTRAC

Dispute resolution through judicial institutions on land in the Karuhun Urang (AKUR) Indigenous Community of Cigugur Village, Kuningan Regency has won the Plaintiffs based on inheritance law, while land according to the AKUR customary law cannot be inherited. Such rights in the legislation are referred to as communal rights. This writing is about fulfilling the principle of justice in the court ruling. The judgment of the judge in his decision considers the object of the dispute as inheritance, and does not consider the testimony of witnesses who are not sworn, because the religion column in the KTP is empty. So that the Plaintiff wins. The judge based his legal considerations more on the Positivism paradigm, which is based solely on written rules such as in legislation, by putting aside the values that live in society.

Based on the structural, cultural and substantive components identified there is no principle of justice for the AKUR Community. There are philosophical, historical, and socio-cultural reasons for defending disputed objects for the preservation of AKUR Community customs.

Keywords: land disputes, indigenous peoples, customary rights.

ABSTRAK

Penyelesaian sengketa melalui lembaga peradilan terhadap  tanah yang berada di lingkungan Masyarakat Adat Karuhun Urang (AKUR) Desa Cigugur, Kabupaten Kuningan telah memenangkan pihak Penggugat berdasarkan pada hukum waris, sedangkan tanah menurut hukum adat Masyarakat AKUR tidak dapat diwariskan. Hak semacam itu dalam Peraturan Perundang-undangan disebut dengan hak ulayat. Penulisan ini mengenai pemenuhan asas keadilan dalam putusan peradilan tersebut. Pertimbangan hakim dalam putusannya menganggap objek sengketa sebagai harta warisan, dan tidak mempertimbangkan keterangan saksi yang tidak disumpah, karena kolom agama di KTP kosong. Sehingga Penggugat menang. Hakim lebih mendasarkan pertimbangan hukumnya pada paradigma Positivisme, yang hanya dilandasi aturan tertulis seperti dalam perundang-undangan, dengan mengesampingkan  nilai-nilai yang hidup dalam masyarakat.

Berdasarkan komponen struktural, kultural, dan substantif teridentifikasi tidak terdapat asas keadilan bagi Masyarakat AKUR. Terdapat alasan filosofis, historis, dan sosial budaya dalam mempertahankan objek sengketa guna pelestarian adat istiadat Masyarakat AKUR.

Kata Kunci: sengketa tanah, masyarakat adat, hak ulayat.