DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jwl.11.2.190-203

Tipologi Wilayah dan Indeks Perkembangan Wilayah Kabupaten Dharmasraya

*Siska Amelia orcid scopus  -  Program Studi Perencanaan WIlayah dan Kota, Universitas Krisnadwipayana, Jakarta , Indonesia
Guswandi Guswandi  -  Fakultas Ekonomi, Universitas Krisnadwipayana, Indonesia
Open Access Copyright (c) 2023 Jurnal Wilayah dan Lingkungan
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Abstract
Kabupaten Dharmasraya sebagai salah satu beranda yang menjadi pintu masuk ke Provinsi Sumatera Barat memiliki pertumbuhan ekonomi yang cukup tinggi. Kabupaten Dharmasraya memiliki ragam potensi, karakteristik dan tipologi wilayah. Potensi yang dimiliki Kabupaten Dharmasraya menjadi daya tarik masyarakat Sumatera Barat maupun dari luar Sumatera Barat untuk menetap di wilayah tersebut. Keragaman karakteristik dan tipologi wilayah menyebabkan kebijakan dan strategi pengembangan wilayah juga beragam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkarakterisasi formasi wilayah serta membuat Indeks Perkembangan Wilayah. Dalam mengkaji karakteristik wilayah berdasarkan aspek pembangunan yaitu kependudukan, sosial ekonomi, kelengkapan fasilitas perkotaan, penggunaan tanah dan transportasi. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis faktor dan spatial clustering dengan menggunakan sepuluh variabel yang mengacu pada masing-masing aspek. Penentuan Indeks Perkembangan Wilayah dengan menggunakan teknis z-score menggunakan indikator kepadatan penduduk, laju pertumbuhan penduduk, persentase besaran pajak bumi dan bangunan serta luas lahan terbangun. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat tiga tipologi wilayah: (i) wilayah perkotaan, (ii) wilayah perdesaan dan (iii) wilayah desa-kota. Wilayah perkotaan dan desa-kota berada di wilayah yang dilintasi jalan lintas sumatera. Sedangkan wilayah perdesaan berada pada wilayah pinggiran yang jauh dari jalan lintas sumatera. Wilayah dengan Indeks Perkembangan Wilayah yang termasuk kategori tinggi hanya berada di Kecamatan Sungai Rumbai. Karakteristik dari masing-masing tipologi tersebut kemudian dapat dijadikan landasan dalam menyusun kebijakan dan strategi pembangunan sehingga tercipta pembangunan berkelanjutan.
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Keywords: indeks perkembangan wilayah; pengelompokan spasial; pengembangan desa-kota; pengembangan wilayah; tipologi wilayah

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