Effectiveness Analysis of Single Dose Rifampicin-Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (SDR-PEP) as A Preventive Intervention for Leprosy Transmission: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials

DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jphtcr.v4i2.10794

Muhammad Mikail Athif Zhafir Asyura¹

, Ilma Ranjani Wijaya¹, Theetouch Toshukowong², Rui Sheng Wang³

¹Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Jawa Barat, Indonesia

²Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand

³Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore

Received: 8 Apr 2021; Published: 30 Aug 2021.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

BibTex Citation Data :

@article{JPHTCR10794,
    author = {Muhammad Asyura and Ilma Wijaya and Theetouch Toshukowong and Rui Wang},
    title = {Effectiveness Analysis of Single Dose Rifampicin-Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (SDR-PEP) as  A Preventive Intervention for Leprosy Transmission:  A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials},
    journal = {Journal of Public Health for Tropical and Coastal Region},
  volume = {4},
    number = {2},
    year = {2021},
    keywords = {chemoprophylaxis; leprosy; post exposure prophylaxis; single dose rifampicin},
    abstract = {  Introduction:  Leprosy is a skin disease that reaches 200,000 cases annually. Considered a neglected tropical disease, 80% of annual leprosy remained in countries such as Brazil, India, and Indonesia. Multi-drug treatment is effective in curing leprosy but ineffective in preventing further transmission. The implementation of large-scale single dose rifampicin-post exposure prophylaxis suggests the inhibition of leprosy transmission and thus needs validation.   Methods:  This systematic review was carried out based on the PRISMA statement from multiple databases using set keywords. A total of 646 studies were identified, followed by 4 randomized controlled trials included after screening.   Results : 86,502 subjects were divided into control and interventional groups and were to be followed up in 2-6 years. Most studies showed a significant decrease of leprosy cases by 50-60%. Furthermore, a complementary effect between single-dose rifampicin-post exposure prophylaxis and Bacillus Calmette–Guérin vaccine was identified. Moreover, the cost-effectiveness of the intervention was analyzed which resulted in IDR 80,414,775 being averted in its 25th year of implementation   Conclusion : The review established promising results of implementing single dose rifampicin-post exposure prophylaxis to prevent leprosy transmission. Further national scale intervention with a multi-layered approach is suggested to ensure full support and continuity of the large-scale intervention    },
   issn = {2597-4378},   pages = {35--43}  doi = {10.14710/jphtcr.v4i2.10794},
    url = {https://ejournal2.undip.ac.id/index.php/jphtr/article/view/10794}
}

Citation Format:

Abstract

Introduction: Leprosy is a skin disease that reaches 200,000 cases annually. Considered a neglected tropical disease, 80% of annual leprosy remained in countries such as Brazil, India, and Indonesia. Multi-drug treatment is effective in curing leprosy but ineffective in preventing further transmission. The implementation of large-scale single dose rifampicin-post exposure prophylaxis suggests the inhibition of leprosy transmission and thus needs validation.

Methods: This systematic review was carried out based on the PRISMA statement from multiple databases using set keywords. A total of 646 studies were identified, followed by 4 randomized controlled trials included after screening.

Results: 86,502 subjects were divided into control and interventional groups and were to be followed up in 2-6 years. Most studies showed a significant decrease of leprosy cases by 50-60%. Furthermore, a complementary effect between single-dose rifampicin-post exposure prophylaxis and Bacillus Calmette–Guérin vaccine was identified. Moreover, the cost-effectiveness of the intervention was analyzed which resulted in IDR 80,414,775 being averted in its 25th year of implementation

Conclusion: The review established promising results of implementing single dose rifampicin-post exposure prophylaxis to prevent leprosy transmission. Further national scale intervention with a multi-layered approach is suggested to ensure full support and continuity of the large-scale intervention

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Keywords: chemoprophylaxis; leprosy; post exposure prophylaxis; single dose rifampicin

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Language : EN

In Vol 4, No 2 (2021): Journal of Public Health for Tropical and Coastal Region

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