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Bioakumulasi Logam Berat Pb dan Cu terhadap Penaeus merguiensis di Perairan Teluk Kelabat Bagian Dalam

1Universitas Bangka Belitung, Indonesia

2Lembaga Pengkajian Pangan Obat-obatan dan Kosmetika Majelis Ulama Indonesia, Indonesia

Published: 13 Apr 2019.
Open Access Copyright (c) 2019 Jurnal Kelautan Tropis under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0.

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Abstract

Bioaccumulation of Pb and Cu Heavy Metals to Penaeus merguiensis in the Waters of Inner Kelabat Bay


The waters of Kelabat Bay has a wealth of marine resources that is quite important in supporting the economy of Bangka Regency and West Bangka Regency. The purpose of this research was to measure the concentration of heavy metals Pb and Cu (sea water, sediment, and Penaeus merguiensis) and measure the ability of Penaeus merguiensis in accumulating heavy metals Pb and Cu. Heavy metals Pb and Cu in Water, sediments and Penaeus merguiensis analyzed using Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (Flame AAS). The results showed that concentration of heavy metals in water with an average range of Pb (0,1042-0,1748 mg/L) and Cu (0,000013-0,000021 mg/L). Average concentration of heavy metals in Pb sediments (7,15-7,73 mg/kg) and Cu (0,0016-0,00219 mg/kg ). Average concentration of Pb heavy metals in Penaeus merguiensis (1,34-1,54 mg/kg) and Cu (0,0003-0,00045 mg/kg). The average ability of Penaeus merguiensis in accumulating heavy metals Pb and Cu is 15,83 to water and 0,19 to sediment. The value of the Bioconcentration Factor is below 250 (FBK <250) so it falls into the low category. Penaeus merguiensis is more exposed to heavy metals dissolved in water than those released from sediment.


Perairan Teluk Kelabat memiliki kekayaan sumber daya laut yang cukup penting dalam mendukung perekonomian Kabupaten Bangka dan Kabupaten Bangka Barat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur kandungan logam berat Pb dan Cu (air laut, sedimen, dan Penaeus merguiensis) dan mengukur kemampuan Penaeus merguiensis dalam mengakumulasi logam berat Pb dan Cu. Logam berat Pb dan Cu padaair, sedimen dan Penaeus merguiensisdianalisis menggunakan Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (Flame AAS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi logam berat dalam air dengan kisaran rata-rata Pb (0,1042-0,1748 mg/L) dan Cu (0,000013-0,000021 mg/L). Kisaran konsentrasi rata-rata logam berat dalam sedimen Pb (7,15-7,73 mg/kg) dan Cu (0,0016-0,00219 mg/kg). Kisaran konsentrasi rata-rata logam berat Pb di Penaeus merguiensis (1,34-1,54 mg/kg) dan Cu (0,0003-0,00045 mg/kg). Kemampuan rata-rata Penaeus merguiensis dalam mengakumulasi logam berat Pb dan Cu yaitu 15,83 terhadap air dan 0,19 terhadap sedimen. Nilai Faktor Biokonsentrasi tersebut di bawah 250 (FBK< 250) sehingga masuk dalam kategori rendah. Penaeus merguiensis lebih banyak terpapar logam berat yang terlarut dalam air daripada yang terlepas dari sedimen.

 

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Keywords: logam berat; sedimen; Spectrophotometere; Teluk Kelabat Dalam; heavy metals; sediment; spectrophotometer; Inner Kelabat Bay

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