Aplikasi Lactococcus lactis sebagai probiotik pada budidaya udang Vanamei skala Laboratorium : analisis status kesehatan udang berbasis pertambahan berat dan performa sistem imunitas seluler

Abstract

This research aims to prove the effectiveness of the application of Lc lactis as a probiotic in laboratory-scale cultivation of P. vanamei shrimp based on its effect on weight gain and cellular immunity performance. Experiments were carried out on 3 Lc lactis isolates, namely U.181, P.32 and W-331 as well as a mixture of these three isolates. Lc. lactis were applied orally through feed (pellets) at a dose of 108 cells/gram of feed. At 7 day intervals during the 35 days of the experiment, the weight of the shrimp was weighed and the hemolymph was taken to then calculate the total number of hemocytes and phagocytic activity. The experimental results showed that the average weight gain was between 106.8 ± 9.78%-138.2 ± 1.68%, while in controls it was 100.7 ± 3.72%. So the treatment effect of adding Lclactis on shrimp weight gain was between 6.0 ± 5.8% - 37.3 ± 3.4%. In this study the average total number of hemocytes in the treatment was between 154.9 ± 4.8 x 105 – 176.2 ± 15 x 105) cells/mL and in the control it was 128.9 ± 1.9 x 105. So the effect size was treatment with the addition of Lc lactis to the total number of hemocytes was 20.1 ± 2.0% to 36.6 ± 9.6%. The average phagocytic activity in the treatment was 42.1 ± 0.8% - 48.3 ± 1.0% while in the control it was 30.4 ± 0.8%. So the magnitude of the treatment effect on phagocytic activity was between 38.1 ± 1.08% - 58.7 ± 1.05%. Based on this research, it can be concluded that Lc Lactis U.181, P.32 and W-331 can be developed as probiotics in shrimp cultivation either singly or in a mixture, because they are able to provide the effect of increasing body weight and increasing the performance of cellular immunity.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan bukti efektivitas aplikasi Lc lactis sebagai  probiotik  pada  budidaya  udang  P. vanamei  skala  laboratorium  berdasarkan efeknya terhadap pertambahan berat dan performa imunitas seluler. Percobaan dilakukan terhadap 3 isolat Lc lactis yaitu U.181, P.32 dan W-331 serta campuran dari ketiga isolat tersebut. Lc. Lactis diaplikasikan secara oral melalui pakan (pellet)  dengan dosis 10⁸sel/gram pakan. Pada interval waktu 7 hari selama 35 hari waktu percobaan dilakukan penimbangan berat udang dan pengambilan hemolimfe untuk selanjutnya dilakukan penghitungan jumlah total hemosit dan aktivitas fagositosis. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan rata-rata pertambahan berat antara 106,8 ± 9,78%-138,2±1,68%, sedangkan pada kontrol sebesar 100,7±3,72%. Sehingga besarnya efek perlakuan penambahan Lc lactis terhadap pertambahan berat udang antara  6,0 ±5,8 % - 37,3 ±3,4%. Pada penelitian ini rata-rata jumlah total hemosit pada perlakuan antara 154,9 ± 4,8 x 10⁵ – 176,2  ± 15 x 10⁵) sel/mL dan pada kontrol sebanyak 128,9 ± 1,9 x 10⁵. Sehingga besarnya efek perlakuan penambahan Lc lactis terhadap jumlah total hemosit adalah 20,1 ± 2,0 % hingga 36,6 ± 9,6 %. Rata-rata aktivitas fagositosis pada perlakuan adalah 42,1 ± 0,8% - 48,3 ± 1,0% sedangkan pada kontrol sebesar 30,4 ± 0,8%. Sehingga besarnya efek perlakuan terhadap aktivitas fagositosis adalah antara 38,1 ± 1,08% - 58,7± 1,05%. Berdasarkan penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa Lc lactis U.181, P.32 dan W-331 dapat dikembangkan sebagai probiotik pada budidaya udang baik secara tunggal maupun secara campuran, karena mampu memberikan efek peningkatan berat badan dan peningkatan performa imunitas seluler.