DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jkt.v25i3.13978

Karakteristik Arus Laut Permukaan dari High Frequency Radar pada Musim Timur di Selat Bali

1Program Studi Ilmu Kelautan, Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Diponegoro, Indonesia

2Badan Meteorologi Klimatologi dan Geofisika, Indonesia

3Departemen Oseanografi, Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Diponegoro, Indonesia

Received: 31 Mar 2022; Revised: 25 Apr 2022; Accepted: 20 Jun 2022; Available online: 1 Jul 2022; Published: 1 Nov 2022.
Open Access Copyright (c) 2022 Jurnal Kelautan Tropis under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0.

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Abstract

Bali Strait has many activities in port and water, such as passenger and freight transportation, tourism, and fisheries. Oceanographic conditions, especially sea surface current (SSC), affect the smoothness of ports and shipping activities in the Bali Strait. High-Frequency Radar (HF Radar) has the advantage of monitoring and mapping surface currents and ocean waves with high resolution. Because of the narrow strait area, HF Radar is very beneficial in describing the characteristics of SSC in the Bali Strait. Therefore, HF Radar data is used to describe the dynamics of SSC in the Bali strait, especially in ship crossing lane, with a temporal approach during Southeast Monsoon, June to August 2020. This study was conducted for 15 days each month which included neap tide and spring tide. Surface current charts are created to analyze the pattern of temporal SSC against the wind, tides, and their components. The results showed In the southeast monsoon, the average current speed at the research site ranged from 0.1 – 1.08 m/s. The direction of the surface current is predominantly towards the south. The characteristics of surface currents in the Bali Strait are influenced by tides, sea level anomalies, and coastal morphology. Temporally, the speed of the current is greater during the ebb phase and when the spring tide. Spatially, the central region of the Bali Strait waters has a greater current speed. Knowledge of areas and times with higher current speeds can be the basis for determining the shipping lane between ports in the Bali Strait.

 

 

Selat Bali memiliki banyak kegiatan di pelabuhan dan perairan, seperti transportasi penumpang dan barang, pariwisata, serta perikanan. Kondisi oseanografi, khususnya arus permukaan laut, mempengaruhi kelancaran pelabuhan dan aktivitas pelayaran di Selat Bali. High-Frequency Radar (HF Radar) memiliki keunggulan pemantauan dan pemetaan arus permukaan dan gelombang laut dengan resolusi tinggi. Karena wilayah selat yang sempit, HF Radar sangat bermanfaat dalam menggambarkan karakteristik arus permukaan laut di Selat Bali. Oleh karena itu, data HF Radar digunakan untuk menggambarkan dinamika arus permukaan laut di jalur penyeberangan Selat Bali dengan pendekatan temporal pada musim timur, bulan Juni hingga Agustus 2020. Penelitian ini dilakukan selama 15 hari tiap bulan yang mencakup waktu pasang purnama dan pasang perbani. Grafik arus permukaan dibuat untuk menganalisis pola arus permukaan laut secara temporal ketika musim timur terhadap angin, pasang surut dan komponennya. Hasil menunjukkan pada musim timur, rata – rata kecepatan arus di lokasi penelitian berkisar antara 0.1 – 1.08 m/s. Arah arus permukaan dominan ke arah selatan. Karakteristik arus permukaan di Selat Bali di pengaruhi oleh pasang surut, sea level anomaly dan morfologi pantai. Secara temporal, kecepatan arus lebih besar ketika menuju surut dan ketika pasang purnama. Secara spasial, wilayah tengah perairan Selat Bali memiliki kecepatan arus yang lebih besar. Pengetahuan mengenai wilayah perairan dan waktu – waktu dengan kecepatan arus yang tinggi dapat menjadi dasar dalam penentuan alur pelayaran antar pelabuhan di Selat Bali.

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Keywords: Arus Laut Permukaan; Temporal; Pasang Surut

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