Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kejadian Kusta Pasca Kemoprofilaksis (Studi pada Kontak Penderita Kusta di Kabupaten Sampang)

Abstract

Background : Leprosy (Morbus Hansen) is a chronic infectious disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium leprae. This disease is a type of granulomatous disease in the peripheral nerves and mucosa of the upper respiratory tract; and skin lesions are signs that can be observed from the outside. If left untreated, leprosy can be very progressive, causing damage to the skin, nerves, limbs, and eyes.

Methods : This research used case control study design 248 subjects selected by simple random sampling. The variables studied were age, sex, education level, occupation, BCG vaccination status, nutritional status, open wound history, chemoprophylaxis drug adherence, family economic condition, personal hygiene and home conditions. Data were analyzed using chi square test for bivariate test and multiple logistic regression.

Results : Duration of contact with patient (p=0,050; OR=1,88; 95%CI=1,000-3,534), BCG vaccination status (p=0,014; OR=2,12; 95% CI=1,161-3,881), nutritional status less (p=0,000; OR=6.01; 95%CI=3,188-11,331), open wound (p=0,002; OR=0,37; 95%CI=0,200-0,699), economic condition of low income family (p=0,000; OR=3.07; 95% CI=1,653-5,715). poor personal hygiene (p= 0.001; OR= 2.99; 95% CI= 1.583-5.569).

Conclusion : Factors that have been proven to have an effect on the incidence of leprosy after chemoprophylaxis are low education level, ≥1 year contact duration, poor nutritional status, poor family income economic condition and poor personal hygiene. Factors ≥1 year contact duration, no grated BCG vaccination status, poor nutritional status, history of open wounds, poor family income economic condition and poor personal hygiene have probability of incidence leprosy were 90%.