DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jekk.v8i2.11939

Faktor Gejala dan Komorbid yang Berhubungan dengan Kematian Pasien COVID-19 di Tangerang Selatan, November 2020-Mei 2021

Ade Ayu Lanniari Harahap  -  Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia
*Helda Helda  -  Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia
Received: 3 Aug 2021; Published: 31 Aug 2023.

Citation Format:
Abstract

Background : Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The number of confirmed cases and deaths of COVID-19 continues to increase globally. Epidemiology and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 cases from Indonesia are scanty. High-quality evidence to understand the disease and can be used as a basis for policymaking. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the symptom factors and comorbidities associated with mortality in COVID-19 patients in South Tangerang from November 2020 to May 2021.

Methode : A Case-control study of confirmed cases of COVID-19 in South Tangerang. The cases included 337 COVID-19 patients who died and 347 controls who were still alive. Data on age, gender, symptoms, and comorbidities were collected through Epidemiological Surveillance (ES) of COVID-19 patients at the South Tangerang Health Office from November 2020 to May 2021 in association with death and analyzed using chi-square test and simple logistic regression.

Result : The results of multivariate analysis showed that risk factors such as age (OR=5.059; 95% CI: 3.209-7.974), gender (OR=2.650; 95% CI: 1.758-3.996), fever symptoms (OR=0.499; 0.331- 0.753), co-morbidities with diabetes mellitus (OR=15.94; 95% CI: 7.397-34.350), hypertension (OR=4.005; 95% CI: 2.440-6.572), heart disease (OR=7.249; 95% CI: 2.893-18.162 ) and chronic kidney failure (OR=12,523, 95% CI: 1,571-99,808) had an influence on the incidence of death of COVID-19 positive patients in South Tangerang.

Conclusion : These findings indicate that older age, male gender, symptoms of fever, and comorbidities include a history of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, heart disease, and kidney failure due to the death of COVID-19 patients in South Tangerang. The need to enhance specific public health measures to reduce the risk of death in patients infected with COVID-19.

Fulltext View|Download
Keywords: COVID-19; death; symptoms; comorbid

Article Metrics:

Article Info
Section: Articles
Language : ID
Recent articles
Mengukur Perilaku Manusia dalam Skala Besar dan Secara Real-time: Studi Kasus Pola Mobilitas Penduduk dan Fase Awal Pandemi COVID-19 di Indonesia Faktor Sosio-Demografi yang Berhubungan dengan Penggunaan Suplemen dan Jamu selama Pandemi: Studi Kasus pada Mahasiswa UNIPMA Tahun 2022 Defisiensi Vitamin D sebagai Salah Satu Faktor Risiko Kematian pada Pasien COVID-19: Studi Tinjauan Pustaka More recent articles
  1. Lu, R., Zhao, X., Li, J., Niu, P., Yang, B., Wu, H., & Tan, W. 2020. Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding. The lancet, 395(10224), 565-574
  2. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30251-8
  3. Chan, J. F. W., Yuan, S., Kok, K. H., To, K. K. W., Chu, H., Yang, J., Xing, F., Liu, J., Yip, C. C. Y., Poon, R. W. S., Tsoi, H. W., Lo, S. K. F., Chan, K. H., Poon, V. K. M., Chan, W. M., Ip, J. D., Cai, J. P., Cheng, V. C. C., Chen, H., & Yuen, K. Y., 2020. A Familial Cluster of Pneumonia Associated with the 2019 Novel Coronavirus Indicating Person-to-Person Transmission: A Study of a Family Cluster. The Lancet, 395(10223), 514–523. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30154-9
  4. World Health Organization, 2020. Clinical management of severe acute respiratory infection when novel coronavirus (nCoV) infection is suspected. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2020. Available at : https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/330893/WHO-nCoV-Clinical-2020.3-eng.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
  5. World Health Organization, 2021. Weekly epidemiological update on COVID-4 May 2021
  6. World Health Organization, 2020. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) situation report-54. Available at : https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200314-sitrep-54-covid-19.pdf
  7. Bosch BJ, Van der Zee R, De Haan CA, Rottier PJ. The coronavirus spike protein is a class I virus fusion protein: structural and functional characterization of the fusion core complex. Journal 2003; (77): 8801–11. DOI: 10.1128/jvi.77.16.8801-8811.2003
  8. Li, J., He, X., Yuan, Y., Zhang, W., Li, X., Zhang, Y., ... & Dong, G. 2021. Meta-analysis investigating the relationship between clinical features, outcomes, and severity of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pneumonia. American journal of infection control, 49(1), 82-89. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2020.06.008
  9. Susilo et al, 2019. Coronavirus Disease 2019. Review Of Current Literature. Rsupn. Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo, Jakarta. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7454/jpdi.v7i1.415
  10. Ragab, D., Salah Eldin, H., Taeimah, M., Khattab, R., & Salem, R. (2020). The COVID-19 cytokine storm; what we know so far. Frontiers in immunology, 11, 1446.Ratcliffe, R. 2020. First coronavirus cases confirmed in Indonesia amid fears nation is ill-prepared for an outbreak. The Guardian (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal, 2
  11. Kemenkes R.I., 2020. Keputusan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor Hk.01.07/Menkes/413/2020 Tentang Pedoman Pencegahan Dan Pengendalian Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Available at : https://infeksiemerging.kemkes.go.id/download/KMK_No._HK.01.07-MENKES-413-2020_ttg_Pedoman_Pencegahan_dan_Pengendalian_COVID-19.pdf
  12. Albitar, Orwa et al. “Risk factors for mortality among COVID-19 patients.” Diabetes research and clinical practice vol. 166 (2020): 108293. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2020.108293.Availableat:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7332436/pdf/main.pdf
  13. Mikami, T., Miyashita, H., Yamada, T., Harrington, M., Steinberg, D., Dunn, A., & Siau, E. (2021). Risk factors for mortality in patients with COVID-19 in New York City. Journal of general internal medicine, 36(1), 17-26. DOI: 10.1007/s11606-020-05983-z
  14. Rozaliyani, A., Savitri, A. I., Setianingrum, F., Shelly, T. N., Ratnasari, V., Kuswindarti, R., ... & Handayani, D. 2020. Factors Associated with Death in COVID-19 Patients in Jakarta, Indonesia: An Epidemiological Study. Acta Med Indones, 52(3), 246-254. Available at : http://www.actamedindones.org/index.php/ijim/article/view/1525/pdf
  15. Satria, R.M.A., Tutupoho, R.V. and Chalidyanto, D., 2020. Analisis Faktor Risiko Kematian dengan Penyakit Komorbid Covid-19. Jurnal Keperawatan Silampari, 4(1), pp.48-55. https://doi.org/10.31539/jks.v4i1.1587
  16. Kelsey, J. L., Whittemore, A. S., Evans, A. S., & Thompson, W. D. (1996). Methods in observational epidemiology (Vol. 10). Monographs in Epidemiology and
  17. Elliott et al., 2021. COVID 19 mortality in the UK Biobank cohort: revisiting and evaluating risk factors. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10654-021-00722-y
  18. Senaviratna, N. A. M. R., & Cooray, T. M. J. A. (2019). Diagnosing multicollinearity of logistic regression model. Asian Journal of Probability and Statistics, 1-9
  19. Yu, C., Lei, Q., Li, W., Wang, X., Liu, W., Fan, X., & Li, W., 2020. Clinical characteristics, associated factors, and predicting COVID-19 mortality risk: a retrospective study in Wuhan, Cina. American journal of preventive medicine, 59(2), 168-175. Available at : https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7250782/pdf/main.pdf
  20. Biswas, M., Rahaman, S., Biswas, T. K., Haque, Z., & Ibrahim, B. (2020). Association of sex, age, and comorbidities with mortality in COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Intervirology, 1-12
  21. Drew, C., & Adisasmita, A. C. (2021). Gejala dan komorbid yang memengaruhi mortalitas pasien positif COVID-19 di Jakarta Timur, Maret-September 2020. Tarumanagara Medical Journal, 3(2), 274-283
  22. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.24912/tmj.v3i2.11742
  23. Surendra, H., Elyazar, I. R., Djaafara, B. A., Ekawati, L. L., Saraswati, K., Adrian, V., ... & Hamers, R. L. (2021). Clinical characteristics and mortality associated with COVID-19 in Jakarta, Indonesia: a hospital-based retrospective cohort study. The Lancet Regional Health-Western Pacific, 9, 100108. DOI: 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2021.100108
  24. Grasselli, G., Greco, M., Zanella, A., Albano, G., Antonelli, M., Bellani, G., ... & Cecconi, M. (2020). Risk factors associated with mortality among patients with COVID-19 in intensive care units in Lombardy, Italy. JAMA internal medicine, 180(10), 1345-1355
  25. Abdollahpour, I., Aguilar-Palacio, I., Gonzalez-Garcia, J., Vaseghi, G., Otroj, Z., Manteghinejad, A., ... & Javanmard, S. H. (2021). Model Prediction for In-Hospital Mortality in Patients with COVID-19: A Case–Control Study in Isfahan, Iran. The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, 104(4), 1476. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.20-1039
  26. Cheng, Y., Luo, R., Wang, K., Zhang, M., Wang, Z., Dong, L., ... & Xu, G. (2020). Kidney disease is associated with in-hospital death of patients with COVID-19. Kidney international, 97(5), 829-838

Last update:

No citation recorded.

Last update:

No citation recorded.