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Integrasi Filsafat Ilmu Dan Etika Lingkungan Sebagai Fondasi Transisi Energi Berkelanjutan Di Indonesia: Studi Literatur

1Departemen Ilmu Lingkungan, Pascasarjana, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Jalan Colombo No. 1 Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia

2Departemen Pendidikan Geografi, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Jalan Colombo No. 1 Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia

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Abstract

Transisi energi menuju pembangunan berkelanjutan menjadi agenda strategis ekologi Indonesia, namun implementasinya masih menghadapi dilema dan sosial, termasuk kerusakan lingkungan, ketimpangan manfaat, serta dominasi kebijakan yang bersifat teknokratis. Kondisi ini menunjukkan bahwa permasalahan transisi energi tidak hanya bersifat teknis, tetapi juga menuntut pijakan filosofis dan etis agar pembangunan energi tidak berjalan dengan mengabaikan kepentingan manusia dan alam. Penelitian ini bertujuan merumuskan kerangka dasar “ilmu yang bertanggung jawab” dalam transisi energi berkelanjutan di Indonesia melalui integrasi filsafat ilmu dan etika lingkungan. Metode yang digunakan adalah Systematic Literature Review (SLR) dengan protokol PRISMA 2020, menghasilkan delapan artikel yang memenuhi kriteria penelitian. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa penelitian transisi energi di Indonesia masih didominasi perspektif kebijakan, regulasi, dan instrumen ekonomi, sedangkan dimensi epistemologis dan kritik filosofis belum mendapat perhatian yang memadai. Etika lingkungan mulai diakomodasi, namun lebih banyak ditempatkan sebagai panduan moral daripada fondasi analitis ilmiah, maka diperlukan pendekatan yang lebih holistik mengombinasikan refleksi epistemik, nilai moral, dan prinsip kekekalan agar transisi energi tidak hanya berorientasi teknis, tetapi juga adil, berkeadilan antar, serta menjaga keseimbangan antara manusia dan alam. Penelitian ini menawarkan arah konseptual untuk memperkuat peran filsafat ilmu dan etika lingkungan sebagai fondasi transisi energi berkelanjutan di Indonesia.

Keywords: Transisi energi; filsafat ilmu; etika lingkungan; pembangunan berkelanjutan; ilmu yang bertanggung jawab; Indonesia

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