DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/genres.v6i1.28200

Review: Modern Extraction Methods for Extraction Proanthocyanidins from Natural Products

Li’izzah Diana Manzil  -  Universitas Muhammadiyah Lamongan, Indonesia
*Aditya Sindu Sakti orcid scopus  -  Universitas Khairun, Indonesia
Received: 23 Jun 2025; Revised: 22 Sep 2025; Accepted: 7 Oct 2025; Available online: 29 Jan 2026; Published: 29 Jan 2026.
Open Access Copyright 2026 Generics: Journal of Research in Pharmacy

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Abstract

Proanthocyanidins are widely distributed in many plant species and are recognized for their beneficial health effects, particularly their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. This literature review aims to evaluate modern extraction techniques used to isolate proanthocyanidins from natural sources. Conventional methods, such as maceration and Soxhlet extraction, often result in reduced yields because proanthocyanidins are heat-sensitive and susceptible to oxidation. To address these limitations, this review explores alternative modern extraction approaches. Relevant peer-reviewed articles were identified through a comprehensive search of five academic databases: ScienceDirect, PubMed, Google Scholar, NCBI, and BMC. The modern extraction techniques examined include Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction (UAE), Microwave-Assisted Extraction (MAE), Enzyme-Assisted Extraction (EAE), and Pressurized Liquid Extraction (PLE). Evidence from 23 selected studies shows that UAE and MAE are among the most effective and efficient methods for extracting proanthocyanidins from natural matrices. These findings underscore the potential of modern extraction technologies to improve both the yield and quality of proanthocyanidins, supporting their broader application in pharmaceutical and nutraceutical fields.


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Keywords: Bioactive Compounds; Microwave-Assisted Extraction; Natural Products; Proanthocyanidins; Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction

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