DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/baf.7.2.2022.110-119

Indeks Hepatosomatic Rattus norvegicus Hiperlipidemia Setelah Paparan Ekstrak Etanol Daun Azadirachta Indica

Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl, Prof. Soedarto, SH, Tembalang, Semarang 50275, Indonesia, Indonesia

Open Access Copyright 2022 Buletin Anatomi dan Fisiologi

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Abstract

Pakan tinggi lemak terutama kolesterol dapat menyebabkan terjadinya hiperlipidemia, hal ini merupakan salah satu faktor pemicu terjadinya penyakit perlemakan hepar non alkoholik. Azadirachta indica A. Juss (Mimba) merupakan tanaman herbal yang mengandung antioksidan, antihiperlipidemia, dan memiliki aktivitas hepatoprotektor. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh paparan ekstrak etanol daun mimba (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) terhadap hepatosomatic index (HSI) tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus L.) yang diberi diet tinggi lemak. Dua puluh empat ekor tikus putih dibagi menjadi 6 kelompok perlakuan yaitu, P0 = kontrol normal, P1= kontrol negatif (diet tinggi lemak), P2 (diet tinggi lemak+simvastatin), P3 (diet tinggi lemak + dosis 75mg/ 200gBB), P4 (diet tinggi lemak+dosis 100mg/ 200gBB) dan P5 (diet tinggi lemak+ 125mg/ 200gBB). Penentuan HSI diperoleh dari bobot hepar dan bobot badan. Preparat dibuat  dengan metode paraffin dan pewarnaan HE. Data berat badan, berat hepar  dan hepatosomatic index yang homogen dan berdistribusi normal dianalisis secara statistik menggunakan ANOVA dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan dengan taraf signifikansi 5% menggunakan software SPSS 16.0. Hasil analisis hepatosomatic index pada kelompok perlakuan menunjukkan tidak berbeda nyata (p>0,05). Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian ekstrak etanol daun mimba tergolong aman untuk digunakan sebagai obat herbal.

 

Diets high in fat, especially cholesterol, can cause hyperlipidemia, this is one of the triggering factors for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Azadirachta indica A. Juss (Neem) is an herbal plant that contains antioxidants, antihyperlipidemia, and has hepatoprotective activity. This study aims to determine the effect of exposure to ethanolic extract of neem leaves (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) on the hepatosomatic index (HSI) of white rats (Rattus norvegicus L.) fed a high-fat diet. Twenty-four white rats were divided into 6 treatment groups, namely, P0 = normal control, P1 = negative control (high fat diet), P2 (high fat diet + simvastatin), P3 (high fat diet + 75mg/200gBW dose), P4 (high-fat diet + dose of 100mg/200gBW) and P5 (high-fat diet+125mg/200gBW). Determination of HSI was obtained from liver weight and body weight. Data on body weight, liver weight and hepatosomatic index which were homogeneous and normally distributed were statistically analyzed using ANOVA followed by Duncan's test with a significance level of 5% using SPSS 16.0 software. The results of the analysis of the hepatosomatic index in the treatment group showed no significant difference (p>0.05). So it can be concluded that the administration of neem leaf ethanol extract is safe for use as herbal medicine.

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Keywords: Hiperlipidemia; Indeks Hepatosomatic; Obat herbal

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