Efek Pemberian Ekstrak Etanol Daun Mimba (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) terhadap Struktur Histologis Pankreas Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus L.) Hiperglikemia

Nunuk Shofiati, Siti Muflichatun Mardiati, Agung Janika Sitasiwi, Sri Isdadiyanto


DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/baf.6.2.2021.115-123

Abstract


Indikator klinis penyakit Diabetes Melitus adalah hiperglikemia. Mimba (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) merupakan salah satu tumbuhan yang berpotensi sebagai alternatif obat herbal hiperglikemia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh ekstrak etanol daun mimba terhadap struktur histologis pankreas pada tikus hiperglikemia. Penelitian ini mengunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan jumlah tikus 24 ekor yang dibagi menjadi 6 kelompok perlakuan dan 4 kali ulangan. P0 (kontrol normal) adalah kelompok tikus normal yang diberi akuades, P1 (kontrol negatif) adalah tikus hiperglikemia yang diberi akuades. P2 (kontrol positif) adalah kelompok tikus hiperglikemia yang diberi glibenklamid dosis 2,25 mg/kg BB. P3, P4, dan P5 adalah kelompok tikus yang diberi ekstrak etanol daun mimba dosis 100, 200, dan 400 mg/kg BB. Data dianalisis dengan ANOVA pada signifikansi 95%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan ekstrak etanol daun mimba dosis 100, 200, dan 400 mg/kg BB tidak memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap bobot pankreas, diameter, luas, dan densitas pulau Langerhans (P>0,05). Skoring struktur pulau Langerhans berdasarkan uji Mann-Whitneymenunjukkan hasil beda nyata pada kelompok  tikus yang diberi daun mimba (P≤0,05). Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini, pemberian ekstrak daun mimba dosis 400mg/kg BB menunjukkan adanya perbaikan morfologi pulau Langerhans.

 

The clinical indicator of Diabetes mellitus was hyperglycemia. Azadirachta indica A. Juss was a plant has the potential to alternative medicine for hyperglycemia. The study was to analyze the ethanol neem leaf extract effect on histological structure of hyperglycemic rat pancreas. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 24 rats were divided into 6 treatment groups and 4 replications. P0 (control) was a normal rats group were given distilled water, P1 (negative control) was a hyperglycemic rats group were given distilled water. P2 (positive control) was a hyperglycemic rats were given 2.25 mg/kg BW of glibenclamide. P3, P4, and P5 were rats were given 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg BW of ethanolic neem leaf extract.The data analyzed by ANOVA at 95% significance showed the treatment of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg BW ethanolic neem leaf extract had no significant effect on the pancreatic weight, diameter, area, and density of Langerhans islet (P> 0.05). The score of Langerhans islet structure based on the Mann-Whitney test showed significant differences in the groups of mice given neem leaves (P≤0.05). Treatment of 400mg/Kg BW neem leaf extract showed an improvement in the morphology of the islets of Langerhans.


 


Keywords


Sel β;luas pulau Langerhans;densitas pulau Langerhans;degenerasi sel;nekrotik sel

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