From Code to Theme: Coding Technique for Qualitative Researchers

Abstract

Coding is a crucial step in the process of qualitative data analysis, serving to identify, categorize, and interpret data fragments into more systematic meanings. This article aims to provide both a conceptual understanding and a practical guide for students, particularly in the field of Library and Information Science, to apply coding techniques appropriately. Through a literature review and synthesis of practices from various approaches such as thematic analysis and grounded theory, this article explains different types of coding techniques including descriptive coding, in vivo coding, process coding, and pattern coding. Accompanied by coding illustrations from interview transcripts and examples of pattern development, this article emphasizes the importance of reflexivity and consistency in the coding process. It is hoped that this article can serve as an applicable learning resource and strengthen students’ analytical skills in conducting high-quality qualitative research.