DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/pls.32015

Pemenuhan Hak Konstitusional Anak Perempuan dalam Perkawinan Adat di Bawah Umur Tanpa Dispensasi Ditinjau berdasarkan Teori The Best Interests of The Child

Grace Felicia Robby  -  Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Diponegoro, Indonesia
Marsya Reiza Safitri  -  Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Diponegoro, Indonesia
*Noor Azizah Qomalla  -  Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Diponegoro, Indonesia

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Abstract

Objective: This paper aims to analyze the fulfillment of constitutional rights of girls in customary underage marriages conducted without court dispensation, examined through the Best Interests of the Child principle.

Methodology/Approach/Design:  The study employed statutory, conceptual, and comparative legal approaches by examining the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, Law Number 16 of 2019, Supreme Court Regulation Number 5 of 2019, the Convention on the Rights of the Child, and the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women. These legal instruments were interpreted within the framework of the Best Interests of the Child principle, alongside an analysis of the social phenomenon of customary child marriage practices in Indonesia.

Results and Discussion:  Customary underage marriages without dispensation simultaneously violate girls' constitutional rights to survival and development (Article 28B(2)), legal certainty (Article 28D(1)), and education (Article 28C(1)). The absence of registration eliminates all legal protection, while decisions are driven by economic pressure and cultural tradition rather than the child's best interests. Normative disharmony between customary law and national law perpetuates the practice.

Practical Implications:  The state must strengthen preventive education, enforce stricter dispensation regulations, and establish social recovery programs for affected girls, with findings relevant to policymakers, judicial institutions, and child protection agencies.

Originality/value: This paper uniquely examines constitutional rights fulfillment specifically within customary underage marriages occurring without dispensation, a dimension overlooked by prior studies, offering a new analytical framework for child protection reform in pluralistic legal societies.

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