Pengaruh ekstrak daun suren (Toona sureni Merr.) terhadap produksi buah cabai rawit yang diserang penyakit antraknosa

Abstract

Anthracnose disease in cayenne pepper is caused by infection of fungus Colletotrichum capsici which causes damage to the fruit so that it can reduce its production. Efforts can be made to overcome the disease by using environmentally friendly nature fungicides. Suren leaf has potential as an antifungal. This research aimed to identify the effect of suren leaf extract on production of cayenne pepper fruit and to identify the potential of suren leaf extract on inhibiting anthracnose disease. The research method were planting cayenne pepper, preparing suren leaf extract material, C.capsicifungus isolation, in vitro inhibition test, suren leaf extract application and C.capsici spores inoculation on cayenne pepper plants. The research used a completely randomized design (CRD) with a single factor, that is the concentration of suren leaf extract (0.25.50.75 and 100%) with 5 replications. Growth parameters observed were percentage and fresh weight of healthy cayenne pepper, fruit morphometry and plant height. The parameters of disease inhibition include the time of appearance of disease symptoms on fruit and disease severity. Data were analyzed by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) followed by the DMRT test at the 95% significance level. The results showed that the percentage of healthy cayenne pepper in the 100% concentration of suren leaf extract treatment at the 102^nd day observation was 99.68% with a fresh weight of  226.86 gram. Suren leaf extract was able to inhibit the appearance of anthracnose symptoms (29 days) and spraying suren leaf extract with a concentration of 100% showed the most optimal inhibitory ability with an inhibition percentage of 99.7%. In conclusion, suren leaf extract can support the production of cayenne pepper fruit and has the potential as nature fungicide for anthracnose disease in cayenne pepper