DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jwl.13.2.117-134

ANALISIS HUBUNGAN SEBARAN RUANG TERBUKA HIJAU DAN KEPADATAN BANGUNAN TERHADAP INTENSITAS SUHU PERMUKAAN TANAH DI JAKARTA TIMUR TAHUN 2022

Hasanudin Hasanudin  -  Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Universitas, Indonesia
*Dayu Ariesta Kirana Sari  -  Program Studi Perencanaan Wilayah dan Kota, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Esa Unggul, Jl. Arjuna Utara No. 9, Duri Kepa, Kebon Jeruk, Jakarta Barat 11510, Indonesia
Nugraheni Setyaningrum  -  Pusat Riset Penginderaan Jauh, Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional, Jl. Raya Bogor No.970, Bogor, Indonesia 16915, Indonesia
Darmawan Listya Cahya  -  Program Studi Perencanaan Wilayah dan Kota, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Esa Unggul, Jl. Arjuna Utara No. 9, Duri Kepa, Kebon Jeruk, Jakarta Barat 11510, Indonesia
Prama Ardha Aryaguna  -  Program Studi Perencanaan Wilayah dan Kota, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Esa Unggul, Jl. Arjuna Utara No. 9, Duri Kepa, Kebon Jeruk, Jakarta Barat 11510, Indonesia
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Abstract

Pertumbuhan penduduk yang tinggi dengan padatnya bangunan di perkotaan, disertai dengan kurangnya RTH menyebabkan kenaikan suhu permukaan di perkotaan. Jakarta Timur merupakan Kota Jakarta Timur, salah satu kota dengan pertumbuhan penduduk di tertinggi dalam satu dekade terakhir, sehingga mengalami perubahan penggunaan lahan dengan meningkatnya kepadatan bangunan dan berkurangnya RTH di perkotaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui menganalisis bagaimana persebaran RTH dan kondisi kepadatan bangunan serta hubungannya dengan intensitas suhu permukaan tanah di Jakarta Timur. Data yang digunakan diperoleh dari pengolahan citra Landsat 8 dengan algoritma NDBI (Normalized Difference Built-up Index), NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index), dan LST (Land Surface Temperature). Analisis korelasi dan regresi dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara NDBI, NDVI dan LST. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa komposisi Ruang Terbuka Hijau (RTH) di Jakarta Timur mencakup 58% vegetasi rendah, 22% vegetasi sedang, dan 19% vegetasi tinggi, dengan sebaran RTH yang lebih signifikan di daerah peri-urban. Sedangkan untuk kepadatan bangunan menunjukkan  kepadatan rendah 8%, kepadatan sedang 51% dan kepadatan tinggi 16%. Ditinjau dari penggunaan lahannya didominasi sebagai hunian, dengan rata – rata kepadatan bangunan dalam klasifikasi sedang. Suhu permukaan tanah rata-rata di tiap kecamatan di Jakarta Timur sebesar 26,02°C. Berdasarkan hasil analisis diketahui kenaikan LST dipengaruhi oleh nilai NDBI dan nilai NDVI dengan nilai korelasi 0,7454 serta koefisien determinasi (R2) sebesar 0,556. Untuk persamaan regresi yang dihasilkan yaitu Y=26,73-2,558X1+4,795X2+0,02.

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Keywords: NDBI; NDVI; LST

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