Employment Status, Visual Impairment, and Health Insurance Status as Predictors of Common Mental Health Disorders Among Tuberculosis Patients: A Community-Based Study

Muhamad Zakki Saefurrohim; Gasella Aurelia Azzahra; Yunda Yuardani; Izmil Ilmawari; Muhamad Aidil Fitrah; Irma Desylia Maharani

doi:10.14710/jphtcr.v9i1.29941

DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jphtcr.v9i1.29941

Employment Status, Visual Impairment, and Health Insurance Status as Predictors of Common Mental Health Disorders Among Tuberculosis Patients: A Community-Based Study

Muhamad Zakki Saefurrohim¹

, Gasella Aurelia Azzahra¹

, Yunda Yuardani¹, Izmil Ilmawari¹, Muhamad Aidil Fitrah¹

, Irma Desylia Maharani²

¹Department of Public Health, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Kalimantan Timur , Indonesia

²Department of Health Promotion, Poltekkes Kemekes Kalimantan Timur, Samarinda, Kalimantan Timur , Indonesia

Received: 3 Nov 2025; Revised: 4 Apr 2026; Accepted: 15 Apr 2026; Published: 30 Apr 2026.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

BibTex Citation Data :

@article{JPHTCR29941,
    author = {Muhamad Zakki Saefurrohim and Gasella Aurelia Azzahra and Yunda Yuardani and Izmil Ilmawari and Muhamad Aidil Fitrah and Irma Desylia Maharani},
    title = {Employment Status, Visual Impairment, and Health Insurance Status as Predictors of Common Mental Health Disorders Among Tuberculosis Patients: A Community-Based Study},
    journal = {Journal of Public Health for Tropical and Coastal Region},
  volume = {9},
    number = {1},
    year = {2026},
    keywords = {Employment Status, General Mental Disorder, Health Insurance,Tuberculosis, Visual Impairment},
    abstract = {  Introduction:  Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global health concern with substantial physical and psychological effects on patients. Studies have shown that the prevalence of depression is higher among patients with multidrug-resistant (MDR-TB)-TB than among non-MDR-TB patients and among females than among males. These findings underscore the importance of addressing mental health issues in patients with TB. This study aimed to analyze the predictors of Common Mental Health Disorders (CMHD) among patients with TB in Indonesia.   Methods : Data were derived from the 2023 Indonesia Health Survey (SKI 2023). A subsample of 830 patients with active TB and complete data was analyzed. The variables included sex, marital status, educational attainment, employment status, health insurance ownership, other infectious diseases, history of chronic diseases, visual impairment, hearing impairment, smoking status, engagement in vigorous physical activity, residential classification, primary household drinking water source, and home ownership status. CMHD status was assessed using the Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20). The analyses were performed using chi-square tests and logistic regression models.   Results:  The CMHD prevalence was 7.3%. Unemployment (OR=3.074; 95% CI: 1.791–5.274; p<0.001), lack of health insurance, and visual impairment (OR=2.456; 95% CI: 1.430–4.220; p=0.001) were significant predictors, whereas ownership of subsidized (OR=0.343; 95% CI: 0.140–0.837; p=0.019) and non-subsidized or private insurance (OR=0.402; 95% CI: 0.225–0.718; p=0.002) were protective.   Conclusion:  Routine mental health screening and socioeconomic support should be integrated into TB control programs. },
   issn = {2597-4378},   pages = {47--58}  doi = {10.14710/jphtcr.v9i1.29941},
    url = {https://ejournal2.undip.ac.id/index.php/jphtr/article/view/29941}
}

Citation Format:

Abstract

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global health concern with substantial physical and psychological effects on patients. Studies have shown that the prevalence of depression is higher among patients with multidrug-resistant (MDR-TB)-TB than among non-MDR-TB patients and among females than among males. These findings underscore the importance of addressing mental health issues in patients with TB. This study aimed to analyze the predictors of Common Mental Health Disorders (CMHD) among patients with TB in Indonesia.

Methods: Data were derived from the 2023 Indonesia Health Survey (SKI 2023). A subsample of 830 patients with active TB and complete data was analyzed. The variables included sex, marital status, educational attainment, employment status, health insurance ownership, other infectious diseases, history of chronic diseases, visual impairment, hearing impairment, smoking status, engagement in vigorous physical activity, residential classification, primary household drinking water source, and home ownership status. CMHD status was assessed using the Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20). The analyses were performed using chi-square tests and logistic regression models.

Results: The CMHD prevalence was 7.3%. Unemployment (OR=3.074; 95% CI: 1.791–5.274; p<0.001), lack of health insurance, and visual impairment (OR=2.456; 95% CI: 1.430–4.220; p=0.001) were significant predictors, whereas ownership of subsidized (OR=0.343; 95% CI: 0.140–0.837; p=0.019) and non-subsidized or private insurance (OR=0.402; 95% CI: 0.225–0.718; p=0.002) were protective.

Conclusion: Routine mental health screening and socioeconomic support should be integrated into TB control programs.

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Keywords: Employment Status, General Mental Disorder, Health Insurance,Tuberculosis, Visual Impairment

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In Vol 9, No 1 (2026): Journal of Public Health for Tropical and Coastal Region

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