DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jpa.v8i1.29717

Colloidal TiO2 Nanoparticles Synthesized via Pulsed Laser Ablation in Liquid for Photocatalytic Degradation of Rhodamine B

Nafaul Mubarokah  -  Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia
*Ali Khumaeni scopus  -  Research Centre for Laser and Advanced Nanotechnology, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia, Indonesia
Iis Nurhasanah  -  Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia
Received: 1 Oct 2025; Revised: 10 Dec 2025; Accepted: 14 Dec 2025; Available online: 27 Feb 2026; Published: 27 Feb 2026.

Citation Format:
Abstract

Colloidal TiO2 nanoparticles were synthesized via pulsed laser ablation in liquid (PLAL) method using a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser operating at 1064 nm. The optical and structural properties were analyzed using UV-Vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and selected area diffraction (SAED). The amorphous TiO2 colloids exhibited a distinct absorption edge in the UV region, with the optical bandgap (Eg) estimated by the Tauc plot to be approximately 3.75 eV. Photocatalytic activity was evaluated through the degradation of Rhodamine B (10 ppm) under UV lamp (254 nm) irradiation. The TiO2 photocatalyst achieved more than 75% degradation within 150 minutes, whereas the control (photolysis without catalyst) showed less than 5% degradation. These results demonstrate that PLAL enables a clean and straightforward synthesis of high-purity amorphous TiO2 nanoparticles with effective photocatalytic activity under UV irradiation.

Fulltext View|Download

Article Metrics:

Article Info
Section: Articles
Language : EN
Recent articles
Estimation of Geothermal Energy Potential Using Monte Carlo Simulation at Jaboi Geothermal Field, Indonesia Design of Radiation Shielding in X-Ray Rooms: A Study on Radiological Protection The Effect of Laser Ablation Time On The Concentration of Gold Nanoparticle Colloids More recent articles
  1. Y. K. de Souza França, K. S. Pereira, Y. H. C. Feitosa, V. B. Marques, and D. R. de Souza, “Titanium Dioxide (TiO₂) and Photocatalysis: A Detailed Overview of the Synthesis, Applications, Challenges, Advances and Prospects for Sustainable Development,” Orbital: Electron. J. Chem., 17(4), 355–381, (2025)
  2. K. Tanaya, A. Kumari, A. K. Singh, and D. Singh, “Bioremediation: An Economical Approach for Treatment of Textile Dye Effluents,” Water Air Soil Pollut., 235(8), 516, (2024)
  3. A. K. Al-Buriahi, A. A. Al-Gheethi, P. S. Kumar, R. M. S. R. Mohamed, H. Yusuf, A. F. Alshalif, and N. A. Khalifa, “Elimination of Rhodamine B from Textile Wastewater Using Nanoparticle Photocatalysts: A Review for Sustainable Approaches,” Chemosphere., 287(2), 132162, (2022)
  4. H. Wang, X. Li, X. Zhao, C. Li, X. Song, P. Zhang, P. Huo, and X. Li, “A Review on Heterogeneous Photocatalysis for Environmental Remediation: From Semiconductors to Modification Strategies,” Chinese J. Catal., 43(2), 178–214, (2022)
  5. A. Krishnan, A. Swarnalal, D. Das, M. Krishnan, V. S. Saji, and S. M. A. Shibli, “A Review on Transition Metal Oxides Based Photocatalysts for Degradation of Synthetic Organic Pollutants,” J. of Enviro. Sciences., 139, 389-417, (2024)
  6. S. J. Armakovic, M. M. Savanovic, and S. Armakovic, “Titanium Dioxide as the Most Used Photocatalyst for Water Purification: An Overview,” Catalysts., 13(2), 26, (2022)
  7. R. Ghamarpoor, A. Fallah, and M. Jamshidi, “A Review of Synthesis Methods, Modifications, and Mechanisms of ZnO/TiO2-Based Photocatalysts for Photodegradation of Contaminants,” American Chem. Society., 9(24), 25457-25492, (2024)
  8. D. C. Costa, M. Fernandes, C. Moura, G. Miranda, F. Silva, O. Carvalho, and S. Madeira, “Laser Ablation in Liquid-Assisted Synthesis of Three Types of Nanoparticles for Enhanced Antibacterial Applications,” Int. J. of Precision Eng. And Manufact.-Green Tech., 12(6), 1699–1717, (2025)
  9. L. V. G. Quinonez, D. C. Garrido, A. C. Hernandez, D. A. A. Leal, G. A. C. Rodriguez, D. F. Gonzalez, E. M. Guerra, M. I. M. Palma, and C. G. Rodriguez, “Synthesis and Characterization of Bi4Ti3O12 Nanoparticles Obtained via Pulsed Laser Ablation in Liquids,” Materials., 16(23), 7451, (2023)
  10. I. Y. Khairani, G. Mínguez-Vega, C. Doñate-Buendía, and B. Gökce, “Green Nanoparticle Synthesis at Scale: A Perspective on Overcoming The Limits of Pulsed Laser Ablation in Liquids for High-Throughput Production,” Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 25(29), 19380–19408, (2023)
  11. G. Abukhanafer, A. Tiwari, E. Beeram, M. Mariappan, P. R. Dixit, and S. N. Bhavsar, “Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Pollutants in Water: Application Of Tio₂-Based Nanocomposites,” Period. Eng. Nat. Sci., 13(2), 403–416, (2025)
  12. B. Bakbolat, C. Daulbayev, F. Sultanov, R. Beissenov, A. Umirzakov, A. Mereke, A. Bekbaev, and I. Chuprakov, “Recent Developments of Tio₂-Based Photocatalysis in the Hydrogen Evolution and Photodegradation: A Review,” Nanomaterials., 10(9), 1790, (2020)
  13. W. L. Hsu, C. W. Tsai, A. C. Yeh, and J. W. Yeh, “Clarifying the Four Core Effects of High-Entropy Materials,” Nat. Rev. Chem., 8(6), 471–485 (2024)
  14. N. Riaz, M. Hassan, M. Siddique, Q. Mahmood, U. Farooq, R. Sarwar, and M. S. Khan, “Photocatalytic Degradation and Kinetic Modeling of Azo Dye Using Bimetallic Photocatalysts: Effect of Synthesis and Operational Parameters,” Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res., 27(3), 2992–3006, (2020)
  15. S. Rhatigan and M. Nolan, “Insights into Photocatalysis from Computational Chemistry,” Heterogeneous Photocatalysis: From Fundamentals to Applications in Energy Conversion and Depollution, 1, 127–154, (2021)
  16. D. Li, H. Song, X. Meng, T. Shen, J. Sun, W. Han, and X. Wang, “Effects of Particle Size on the Structure and Photocatalytic Performance by Alkali-Treated Tio₂,” Nanomaterials., 10(3), 546, (2020)
  17. S. Y. Kim, T. G. Lee, S. A. Hwangbo, and J. R. Jeong, “Effect of the Tio2 Colloidal Size Distribution on the Degradation of Methylene Blue,” Nanomaterials., 13(2), 302 (2023)
  18. M. Z. Alhamid, B. S. Hadi, and A. Khumaeni, "Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Laser Ablation Method Utilizing Nd:YAG Laser" in AIP Conf. Proc., 2202(1), 020013, (2019)

Last update:

No citation recorded.

Last update:

No citation recorded.