Pengaruh Inokulasi Cendawan Mikoriza Arbuskular (CMA) dan Pemupukan Fosfat terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Tanaman Kedelai (Glycine max (L.) Merrill)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/joac.2.3.206-212
Abstract
The objective of this research was to study the growth and production of soybean at various doses of inoculum arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and phosphate fertilization i.e. guano, rock phosphate, guano+rock phosphate and TSP. This research was conducted in green house and Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Breeding, Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences, Diponegoro University, and Laboratory of Micology, Gadjah Mada Universityfrom April 16th to August 18th 2017. The research was assigned in completely randomized factorial design with the first factor was the doses of inoculum AMF (0, 30, 45 and 60g/pot) and second factor was the phosphate fertilization (control, guano, rock phosphate, guano+rock phosphate and TSP). The results showed that inoculation of AMF with doses of 30 and 45 g/pot had significant effect on plant height, number of branches and pods. Inoculation of AMF with a dose of 60 g/pot significantly affected the number of branches and pods. Fertilization of guano, BP and guano+BP had significant effect on number of branches and pods, TSP fertilization had significant effect on plant height, number of branches and pods.
Keyword: soybean, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, phosphorus fertilization
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Adie, M.M., dan A. Krisnawati. 2007. Peluang peningkatan kualitas biji kedelai. Prosiding Risalah Seminar. Badan Litbang Pertanian. 23 November 2008. Hal. 216-230.
Allen, M. F., B. Weinbaun, S. J. Morriz and E. B. Allen. 1992. Techniques for following the hyphae of VA mycorrhizal fungi. Programme and Abstracts. The International Symposium on Management of Mycorrhizas. In Agriculture, Horticulture and Forestry. Perth. Western Australia. 28 Sept – 2 Okt 1992. Hal. 24 – 25.
Ardiansyah, M., L. Mawarni, dan N. Rahmawati. 2014. Respons pertumbuhan dan produksi kedelai hasil seleksi terhadap pemberian asam askorbat dan inokulasi fungi mikoriza arbuskular di tanah salin. J. Online Agroekoteknologi. 2 (3) : 948-954.
Badan Pusat Statistik. 2015. http://www.bps.go.id/. Diakses : 28 April 2016.
Bakhtiar, T. Hidayat, Y. Jufri, dan S. Safriati. 2014. Keragaan pertumbuhan dan komponen hasil beberapa varietas unggul kedelai di Aceh Besar. J. Floratek. 9 : 46-52.
Bolan, N. S., A. D. Robson, N. J. Barrow, and L. A. G. Aylmore. 1991. A critical review on the role of mycorrhizal fungi in the uptake of phosphorus by plants. Plant and Soil. 134 : 189–207.
Ferry, Y. dan Rusli. 2014. Pengaruh dosis mikoriza dan pemupukan NPK terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi kopi robusta di bawah tegakan kelapa produktif. J. Littri. 20 (1) : 27-34.
Heldt, H.W., and F. Heldt. 2005. Plant Biochemistry. Elsevier, Amsterdam.
Hidayat, O.O. 1985. Morfologi Tanaman Kedelai. Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian, Bogor.
International Trade Statistics. 2014. http://www.trademap.org/tradestat/Country_ SelProductCountry_TS.aspx. Diakses : 17 Mei 2016.
Marschner, H. 1995. Mineral Nutrition of Higher Plant. Academic Press, London.
Masfufah, R., M. W. Proborini, dan R. Kawuri. 2016. Uji kemampuan spora cendawan mikoriza arbuskula (CMA) lokal Bali pada pertumbuhan tanaman kedelai (Glycine max L.). J. Simbiosis. 4 (1) : 26-30.
Nusantara, C.J., Sumarno, W. S. Dewi, dan Sudadi. 2014. Pengaruh dosis inokulum Azolla dan pupuk fosfat alam terhadap ketersediaan P dan hasil padi di alfisol. J. Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian. 29 (2) : 106-114.
Parliansah, D.R. 2000. Pengaruh pemberian ameliorant (pupuk kandang kalsit) serta dosis batuan fosfat terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil kedelai (Glycine max (L.) Merril) kultivar Wilis pada Ultisol. Skripsi. Universitas Padjajaran, Jatinangor.
Permanasari, I., K. Dewi, M. Irfan, dan A. T. Arminudin. 2016. Peningkatan efisiensi pupuk fosfat melalui aplikasi mikoriza pada kedelai. J. Agroteknologi. 6 (2) : 23-30.
Rochayati, S., M. T. Sutriadi, dan A. Kasno. 2009. Fosfat Alam : Pemanfaat Fosfat Alam yang Digunakan Langsung sebagai Pupuk Sumber P. Balai Penelitian Tanah. Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian Departemen Pertanian, Bogor.
Sikazwe, O. and B. de Waele. 2004. Assesment of the quality and reserves of bat guano at Chipongwe and Kapongo caves near Lusaka as fertilizer material. UNZA Journal of Science and Technology Special Edition. 1 (3) : 32-42.
Suherman, I. Rahim dan M. A. Akib. 2012. Aplikasi mikoriza vesicular arbuskular terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman kedelai (Glycine max (L.) Merrill). J. Galung Tropika. 1 (1) : 1-6.
Sukmawati, W. Wangiyana, dan R. S. Tejowulan. 2014. Pengaruh pemberian pupuk organik, inokulasi mikoriza dan varietas kedelai terhadap perbaikan kualitas tanah dan serapan hara. J. Agroteksos. 24 (3) : 173-177.
Syarif, A. 2001. Infektifitas CMA dan efektifitasnya terhadap pertumbuhan bibit manggis. Jurnal Stigma dan Agricultural Science Journal. 10 (2) : 137.
Wahyudin, A., T. Nurmala, dan R. D. Rahmawati. 2015. Pengaruh dosis pupuk fosfor dan pupuk organik cair terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil kacang hijau (Vigna radiata L.) pada ultisol Jatinangor. J. Kultivasi. 14 (2) : 16-22.
Wahyudin, A., F. Y. Wicaksono, A. W. Irwan, Ruminta, dan R. Fitriani. 2017. Respons tanaman kedelai (Glycine max) varietas Wilis akibat pemberian berbagai dosis pupuk N, P, K dan pupuk guano pada tanah Inceptisol Jatinangor. J. Kultivasi. 16 (2) : 333-339.
Webster, C.C., and P. N. Willson. 1973. Agriculture in the Tropic. Iowe and Brydone Ltd, London.
Widiastuti, H., N. Sukarno, L. K. Darusman, D. H. Goenadi, S. Smith dan E. Guhardja. 2005. Penggunaan spora cendawan mikoriza arbuskula sebagai inokulum untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan serapan hara kelapa sawit. J. Menara Perkebunan. 73 (1) : 26 – 34.
Young, R.D., D. G. Weatfall, and G. W. Colliver. 1985. Production, Marketing and Use of Phosphorus Fertilizers. In Fertilizer Technology and Use. Third ed. (Ed. O.P. Engelstad). Published by Soil Soc.of. Am., Inc. Madison, Wisconsin. Hal. 323-376.
View JOAC Stats
ISSN 2597-4386 (media online)
JOAC is published by Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences, Diponegoro University, Indonesia
JOAC is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.